The prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) carrier and infectivity status among three hundred (300) pregnant women in Makurdi were determined through random anonymous testing of volunteers attending antenatal clinics of different Hospitals within the metropolis. HBV carriage status was determined by the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Repeated reactive samples were confirmed by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Bio Rad, France). Maternal HBV infectivity status was determined by testing all HBsAg positive samples for the presence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). Overall, 33 (11%) pregnant women were identified as carriers of HBV and 10 of the 33 (30.3%) pregnant women identified as HBV carriers tested positive for HBeAg. Hence, 3.3% of the entire study population was found to have high viral replication as well as high risk of transmitting HBV to their neonates. The frequency of HBV carriers did not vary with age, however it varies significantly with the anaemic status of the subjects (P<0.05). This study demonstrates the endemicity of HBV infection in Makurdi and high infectivity rates, suggest that HBV is likely to be acquired by both vertical and horizontal means of transmission. Free screening and immunization of all pregnant women and infants should be incorporated in the antenatal and post natal programmes in hospitals for the eradication of HBV infection among pregnant women.

Introduction Adverse drug reactions associated with efavirenz (EFV) therapy are poorly described beyond the first year of treatment. We aimed to describe the incidence and predictors of EFV-related adverse drug reactions (

Diabetes is common among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS, especially within the first year of antiretroviral therapy. Newly occurring diabetes was associated with a high body mass index, and excessive weight gain should be avoided.

Background: Postpartum contraception reduces the risk of unintended and rapid repeat pregnancies. A comprehensive postpartum family planning (PPFP) service can enable women make adequate and informed choices on a preferred contraceptive method, initiating a method as well as encouraging them to use that method for a period depending on their reproductive intentions.Methods: This study aimed to determine women’s intention regarding uptake of postpartum family planning, the preferred methods and the factors associated with uptake. We conducted a cross-sectional study among women attending antenatal and postnatal clinics at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria using structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square test of comparison.Results: Four hundred and five women participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 28.4+5.3 years. The previous contraceptive usage was 39.8%. A total of 262 (64%) women intend to use a method of postpartum contraception. The most preferred intended postpartum contraceptive was subdermal implant (19.2%) followed by injectables (18.4%) and intrauterine contraceptive device (14.7%). Reasons cited for nonuse of postpartum contraception include spousal refusal, effect on fertility, desire for further child bearing, religious beliefs.Conclusions: Counselling on postpartum contraception during the antenatal and postnatal period can help women make informed choices among the wide range of available contraception.