The evidence is Australia compares well with other countries on dimensions of social cohesion, social division and conflict. In addition, the Australian community generally reports high levels of satisfaction and sense of belonging. There are however also areas for improvement in terms of acceptance, integration and citizenship in highly visible minority groups. This paper outlines an exploratory study of social connectedness and the effect of a youth development programme. Research supports the view that such programmes can produce significant benefits for participants, although it is not clear which aspects of these programmes are most effective for any outcome or population group. Validity is strongly evidenced by measuring dimensions of belonging, inclusion and participation, both independently and collectively. Noting social capital is fragile and subject to disruption from forces within and beyond the local group, some policy implications are highlighted.

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