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In order to reduce the harmful effect on the environment, using the oxygenated fuels such as biofuel blends as fuel has been on the spotlights for the internal combustion engines. For this rationale; the diesel engine operated with blends of sunflower biodiesel and diesel fuel (blending of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 100% biodiesel fuel with conventional diesel fuel). In this study, an experimental and numerical model for Heat release rate (HRR) and the characteristic performance of diesel engine such as cylinder pressure and emission characteristics (NOx, CO, and HC) in internal combustion engines is presented. To ensure the integrity of modeling, the results were compared with the experimental results. This comparison indicated a good agreement between the two. A Gaussian and Fourier series of second order was used to define a function relating the pressure and emission characteristics. Presented numerical model, implemented in proprietary software AVL FIRE, is able to capture chemical phenomena and to predict pollutant emission concentration trends. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1540–1550, 2018

Sub-grid closures for filtered two-fluid models (fTFM) useful in large scale simulations of riser flows can be derived from highly resolved simulations (HRS) with microscopic two-fluid modeling (mTFM). Accurate sub-grid closures require accurate mTFM formulations as well as accurate correlation of relevant filtered parameters to suitable independent variables. This article deals with both of those issues. The accuracy of mTFM is touched by assessing the impact of gas sub-grid turbulence over HRS filtered predictions. A gas turbulence alike effect is artificially inserted by means of a stochastic forcing procedure implemented in the physical space over the momentum conservation equation of the gas phase. The correlation issue is touched by introducing a three-filtered variable correlation analysis (three-marker analysis) performed under a variety of different macro-scale conditions typical or risers. While the more elaborated correlation procedure clearly improved accuracy, accounting for gas subgrid turbulence had no significant impact over predictions.

This article presents a comprehensive experimental work for the application of permanent magnets with the intensity of 9,000 G to a four‐stroke four cylinders gasoline engine on fuel lines at a location near to the combustion chamber. By using the permanent magnet, the liquid fuel disintegrates into small diameter, and de‐clustering of the fuel molecules of hydrocarbon has been proved to provide better atomization of the fuel, which makes sure that the fuel strenuously combines with oxygen and results in complete and more efficient burning process inside the combustion chamber. The experimental analysis revealed that magnetic treatment has improved performance and emission characteristics. Analysis over the engine test results with magnetic fuel conditioning showed that the reduction of 4–12% in fuel consumption and reduction in 11, 10, 18, and 10% for CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions, respectively, compared to gasoline fuel without magnetic condition. Further, we experimentally investigated the performance of petrol engine parameters such as in‐cylinder temperature and pressure, cylinder, and head cylinder temperature, the temperature of different parts of the piston. As a whole, magnetic fuel treatment has improved combustion and reduced the harmful pollutants of the compression ignition engine.