In general investigation of factional properties of fabrics, we demonstrate the influence of experimental variables on some new frictional parameters. Subjectively, fabrics with similar (or different) coefficients of friction yield different (or similar) tactile sensations of smoothness. Objectively, an examination of the stick-slip motion shows a good correlation between the number of stick-slip peaks and yarn sett (woven fabrics) or number of ribs (knitted fabrics). A relation also exists between the amplitude of the stick-slip motion and some structural protrusions, i.e., twills and ribs. These features are also detectable visually and tactually.

When the yarn sett of a woven fabric is systematically increased, there is also a systematic increase in the frictional resistance to motion, and it is greater for weft-over-weft motion than for warp-over-warp. The greater warp crimp producing a “knuckle effect” could be the explanation, although the diminishing spaces between the weft threads could also be a factor. In another case involving a series of pile-type woven fabrics, an increase in the height of fiber tufts produces an increase in the resistance to motion and also the amplitude of the stick-slip motion. A good linear relation exists between the number of peaks and number of cords. The size of cords and the degree of spacing between them may enhance interlocking and intermeshing of fiber pile.

No abstract

Fabric surface irregularities are measured using a novel attachment to a constant rate of elongation tester. The number of peaks and amplitude of the stick-slip traces correspond to the number and height of surface asperities on fabrics, respectively. Fabrics that yield more peaks and lower amplitude pulses are judged smoother than those with fewer peaks and higher amplitudes.

No abstract