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Endocarditis was induced in dogs with aortic insufficiency by intravenous injection of 1 ml. of a culture of Staphylococcus aurens . Endocarditis could be prevented by a single intravenous injection of penicillin given within 8 hours after injecting the bacteria. The infection was aborted or modified when treatment was delayed 16 hours. When treatment was delayed 24 hours or longer, symptoms often recurred after cessation of therapy. The endocarditis was arrested by treatment of relapses, but some animals died from acute heart failure due to valvular deformity or insufficiency. A proliferative glomerulonephritis, which developed in nearly all dogs given delayed treatment, persisted despite therapy. There was evidence that a chronic glomerulonephritis may be a sequel to this proliferative glomerulonephritis.