Developed here is a method by which the solubility parameter and a calculated net adsorption energy value are used to assign potentials for removal of organics from drinking water. Interactions among the different water treatment processes in removing organics are discussed, with emphasis on the adsorption process.
This article describes two analytical approaches to determine organic constituents in water—quantitative and general “screening” analysis. Major emphasis is placed on the isolation methodology as a key to both types of analysis. Highlights of recent laboratory work that demonstrate the different approaches are presented.
Since 1964, the Philadelphia Water Department has been engaged in research to develop an economical pipe coating process for small diameter mains. This article presents a progress report of a continuing study of the modifications of the basic McCauley process of lining by calcium carbonate precipitation.
Where red‐water, taste, and odor problems persist in distribution systems and defy the conventional methods of correction, cleaning and cement‐mortar lining of the pipe will provide the solution to the problem. Cleaning and lining greatly improves the carrying capacity of old, tuberculated water mains. Hazen‐Williams coefficients in the problem area were raised from 30‐43 to an average of 115 for 6‐, 8‐, and 12‐inch pipe. This article discusses an effective troweling device that made these results possible, and improved the C value of reconditioning distribution grid mains in Philadelphia. The average C value of 115 for 6‐in. pipe was a C value of 25, a greater improvement over untroweled lining previously applied in Philadelphia.
This article discusses several studies to develop a dense and hardsheath CaCO3 deposit, which could be the answer to the problem of protecting small, unlined cast‐iron mains. The McCauley Process is discussed, along with Omaha's experimentation with the process, and finally, Philadelphia's modification and improvement of the McCauley process, as dictated by local conditions.
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