Image fusion and subsequent scene analysis are important for studying Earth surface conditions from remotely sensed imagery. The fusion of the same scene using satellite data taken with different sensors or acquisition times is known as multi-sensor or multi-temporal fusion, respectively. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of misalignments the multi-sensor, multitemporal fusion process when a pan-sharpened scene is produced from low spatial resolution multispectral (MS) images and a high spatial resolution panchromatic (PAN) image. It is found that the component substitution (CS) fusion method provides better performance than the multi-resolution analysis (MRA) scheme. Quantitative analysis shows that the CS-based method gives a better result in terms of spatial quality (sharpness), whereas the MRA-based method yields better spectral quality, i.e., better color fidelity to the original MS images.

The previous single element antenna was made of two separated layers, one for the patch antenna (upper) and the other for the feed-line (below), using proximity feed for a thin configuration. In this time, a novel dual feed antenna with a holetruncated is proposed for the generation of a compact LHCP (Left Handed Circular Polarization) using a compact equilateral triangular-patch antenna, that one of the microstrip-line feeds is longer than the other for introducing a 90 0 phase delay. The influence of the hole-truncated that embedded on the patch is investigated to make the patch antenna smaller than the previous antenna. The method of moments (IE3D Zeland Software) is used considering a finite ground analysis. The simulation results show that the patch length decreases by 12.65 % (a = 52.80 mm to a = 46.12 mm) with a gain and axial ratio at 2.5025 GHz being 6.82 dBic and 0.66 dB, respectively. The bandwidth of the holetruncated antenna, by comparison of the previous antenna is smaller.

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West Sumatra is one of has big geothermal energy resources potential. Remote sensing technology can have a role in geothermal exploration activity to measure the distribution of land surface temperatures (LST) and predict the geothermal potential area. Main study to obtain the assessment of Landsat 8 TIRS (Landsat`s Thermal Infrared Sensor) data capability for geothermal energy resources estimation. Mono-window algorithms were used to generate the LST maps. Data set was combined with a digital elevation model (DEM) to identify the potential geothermal energy based on the variation in surface temperature. The result that were derived from LST map of West Sumatra shows that ranged from -8.6 C 0 to 32.59 C 0 and the different temperatures are represented by a graduated pink to brown shading. A calculated result clearly identifies the hot areas in the dataset, which are brown in colour images. Lima Puluh Kota, Tanah Datar, Solok, and South Solok areas showed the high-temperature value (Brown) in the range of 28.1 C 0 to 32.59 C 0 color in images which means that they possess high potential for generating thermal energy. In contrast, the temperatures were lower (Pink) in the north-eastern areas and the range distribution was from -8.5 C 0 to 5 C 0 .

This year conference was held on 7-8 August 2018. The scientific program consisted of plenary sessions and parallel sessions and included the following topics: Geomaritime, Hydrology, Geomorphology, Atmospheric Science, Disaster Mitigation and Management, as well as Human Geography. We are grateful for the support of the Faculty of Geography and Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada which scientifically support the symposium from the reviewers until the editing the papers published in the E3S conference proceeding. The 4 th ICST had about 300 attendees including the presenters and participants. Among those, the Environmental and Earth Science Symposium received 55 papers submitted to the symposium. All papers were subjected for at least 2-3 reviews by experts on the related topics. For this, only 44 papers were accepted, and 35 papers were selected for publications. We believed that during the two days conference, we had enabled to facilitate plenty of networking opportunities and provide the participants with the opportunity to meet and interact with the leading scientists and researchers, friends as well as colleagues. We hope that this proceeding will be beneficial for the development of life science in general and the environmental and earth science in particular.