An efficient palladium-free
Stille cross-coupling reaction of allylic
bromides and functionalized organostannylfuran using catalytic copper
halide has been developed. The coupling reaction was optimized using
CuI and low catalyst loading (down to 5 mol %). The reaction was conveniently
carried out at ambient temperature in the presence of inorganic base
to afford the coupling product in good-to-excellent yields. The utility
of this reaction was demonstrated in the synthesis of a furan with
sensitive functionalities. A sulfolene moiety was utilized as a masking
group for the sensitive diene. Noyori asymmetric reduction, Achmatowicz
reaction, and Kishi reduction steps converted sulfolene to a highly
substituted tetrahydropyran intermediate used in the synthesis of
the highly potent antitumor agents, spliceostatins, and their derivatives.
Enantioselective syntheses of hexacyclic aspidoalbidine alkaloids (+)-fendleridine (2) and (+)acetylaspidoalbidine (3) are described. These syntheses feature an asymmetric decarboxylative allylation and photocyclization of a highly substituted enaminone. Also, the synthesis highlights the formation of the C19 hemiaminal ether via a reduction/condensation/intramolecular cyclization cascade with the C21-alcohol. The present synthesis provides convenient access to the aspidoalbidine hexacyclic alkaloid family in an efficient manner.
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