We demonstrate coherent tunable coupling between a superconducting phase qubit and a lumped-element resonator. The coupling strength is mediated by a flux-biased rf SQUID operated in the nonhysteretic regime. By tuning the applied flux bias to the rf SQUID we change the effective mutual inductance, and thus the coupling energy, between the phase qubit and resonator. We verify the modulation of coupling strength from 0 to 100 MHz by observing modulation in the size of the splitting in the phase qubit's spectroscopy, as well as coherently by observing modulation in the vacuum Rabi oscillation frequency when on resonance. The measured spectroscopic splittings and vacuum Rabi oscillations agree well with theoretical predictions.

The original CODIS database based on 13 core STR loci has been overwhelmingly successful for matching suspects with evidence. Yet there remain situations that argue for inclusion of more loci and increased discrimination. The PowerPlex(®) Fusion System allows simultaneous amplification of the following loci: Amelogenin, D3S1358, D1S1656, D2S441, D10S1248, D13S317, Penta E, D16S539, D18S51, D2S1338, CSF1PO, Penta D, TH01, vWA, D21S11, D7S820, D5S818, TPOX, DYS391, D8S1179, D12S391, D19S433, FGA, and D22S1045. The comprehensive list of loci amplified by the system generates a profile compatible with databases based on either the expanded CODIS or European Standard Set (ESS) requirements. Developmental validation testing followed SWGDAM guidelines and demonstrated the quality and robustness of the PowerPlex(®) Fusion System across a number of variables. Consistent and high-quality results were compiled using data from 12 separate forensic and research laboratories. The results verify that the PowerPlex(®) Fusion System is a robust and reliable STR-typing multiplex suitable for human identification.

We have produced high-quality complex microwave circuits, such as multiplexed resonators and superconducting phase qubits, using a "vacuum-gap" technology that eliminates lossy dielectric materials. We have improved our design and fabrication strategy beyond our earlier work, leading to increased yield, enabling the realization of these complex circuits. We incorporate both novel vacuum-gap wiring crossovers (VGX) for gradiometric inductors and vacuum-gap capacitors (VGC) on chip to produce resonant circuits that have large internal quality factors (30,000

Multipartite entanglement is essential for quantum computation 1 and communication [2][3][4] , and for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics 5 and precision measurements 6 . It has been achieved with various forms of quantum bits (qubits), such as trapped ions 7,8 , photons 9 and atoms passing through microwave cavities 10 . Quantum systems based on superconducting circuits, which are potentially more scalable, have been used to control pair-wise interactions of qubits [11][12][13][14][15][16] and spectroscopic evidence for three-particle entanglement was observed 17,18 . Here, we report the demonstration of coherent interactions in the time domain for three directly coupled superconducting quantum systems, two phase qubits and one resonant cavity. We provide evidence for the deterministic evolution from a simple product state, through a tripartite W state, into a (bipartite) Bell state. The cavity can be thought of as a multiphoton register or an entanglement bus, and arbitrary preparation of multiphoton states in this cavity using one of the qubits 19 and subsequent interactions for entanglement distribution should allow for the deterministic creation of another class of entanglement, a GreenbergerHorne-Zeilinger state.With the development of quantum information science 1 , entanglement of multiparticle systems has become a resource for a new information technology. In particular, three-particle or tripartite entanglement allows for teleportation 2 , secret sharing 4 and dense coding 20 , with connections to cosmology 21 . Over the past decade, the development of exquisite control over quantum systems has led to various demonstrations of tripartite entanglement [8][9][10] . Genuine tripartite entanglement is delineated by two inequivalent classes of states 22 : Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and W, where the W state involves only a single photon shared amongst three systems. Using multipartite entanglement in a solid-state-qubit system has only recently received theoretical attention [23][24][25] . Thus far in superconducting systems, bipartite entanglement has been verified by two-qubit quantum state tomography 13 and used to carry out a quantum algorithm 15 . Spectroscopic evidence for three-particle entanglement was observed for two current-biased phase qubits coupled to a lumped element consisting of an inductor-capacitor circuit and a cavity as well as for transmon qubits 17,18 . In the experiments described below, we first verified the spectroscopic signature of three coupled systems. Next, we demonstrated coherent interactions. Frequency detuning of the third system was used to verify the proper change in the time evolution of two versus three coupled systems. Finally, we describe a free-evolution process as a means of deterministically preparing arbitrary single-photon tripartite entangled states and a corresponding visualization technique. We present evidence for the proper operation of this protocol by measuring the time-dependent behaviour of the two phase qubits. Here, entanglement is not verified di...