This study was conducted aiming to evaluate the effect of rootstocks in plant vigor, yield, and fruit quality of 'Maciel' peach trees growing in a 7-8-year-old orchard in the municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiment was performed with plants of the 'Maciel' cultivar grafted on the following eight Prunus persica rootstocks: 'Capdeboscq', 'Aldrighi', 'Tsukuba 1', 'Okinawa clone 1', 'Okinawa 'clone 12', 'Industry', 'Nemaguard', and 'Rubirà'. Trunk diameter, height and yield of plants, fruit mass, soluble solids content, and fruit classification by category were evaluated. The experimental design used randomized blocks with three replicates, with five plants per parcel. In two evaluation cycles (2011/2012 and 2012/2013), 'Aldrighi' presented the largest trunk diameter (75.5 and 80.4 mm, respectively) compared with 'Okinawa clone 1' (65.80 and 67.7 mm, respectively) and 'Rubirà´ (63.4 mm and 65.8, respectively). Fruit mass was greater for 'Aldrighi' (118.6 g), 'Industry' (106.5 g) and 'Capdeboscq' (103.5 g) in the 2011/2012 cycle. The 'Maciel'/'Aldrighi' combination showed the highest yield, with the highest percentage of fruits in class I; however, the fruits showed the lowest soluble solids content among the tested scion/rootstock combinations (12.6 °Brix), differing only from 'Maciel'/'Okinawa clone 1' (15.2 °Brix). Under the conditions in which the experiment was conducted, we conclude that characteristics such as vigor, yield, and fruit quality of 'Maciel' peach trees are differentially influenced by the rootstocks used. The 'Okinawa Clone 1' rootstock induces less vigor and greater total soluble solids in fruits of 'Maciel' peach trees compared with the 'Aldrighi' rootstock, but it does not significantly influence the productive efficiency and yield of the plants. RESUMO: O presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de porta-enxertos sobre o vigor das plantas, produtividade e qualidade de frutos de pessegueiros 'Maciel' durante o sétimo e oitavo anos de um pomar instalado em Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento foi conduzido com plantas da cultivar Maciel enxertadas sobre oito porta-enxertos de Prunus persica:
