Quelle évaluation peut-on faire d'une vingtaine d'années de recherches consacrées à la sociologie des usages des objets de communication ? A partir d'un point de vue critique, cet article retrace l'archéologie de ce courant (caractéristiques des chercheurs et des équipes, modalités de financement de la recherche...) qui a émergé avec le développement des technologies de l'information et de la communication et s'est étendu ensuite à l'étude d'autres médias et de dispositifs de communication diversifiés. Cette démarche heuristique nous conduit à retracer les origines théoriques de la sociologie des usages et à identifier les problématiques qui ont contribué à sa genèse puis à son évolution. Par delà la diversité des études et des approches, le projet tente de dégager les principaux apports de la sociologie des usages à la compréhension des phénomènes de communication. Cet examen nous permet, en dernier lieu, de nous interroger sur les perspectives de la sociologie des usages et, face à la montée de l'empirisme, de plaider pour son inscription forte dans les sciences sociales. AbstractWhat evaluation can be made of some twenty years of sociological research dedicated to the uses of communication tools? From a critical standpoint, this article explores the history of this research current (characteristics of researchers and research teams, sources of research funding, etc.) which emerged along with the development of the information and communication technologies and subsequently expanded to include the study of other media and various communication devices. The author's heuristic approach leads her back to the theoretical origins of the sociology of uses, and to identify the issues that contributed to its genesis and subsequent evolution. The main contributions of the sociology of uses to the understanding of communication phenomena are also presented. This investigation finally enables her to consider the prospects of the sociology of communication uses and, in view of the rise of empiricism, to plead for firmer inclusion of it in the social sciences. RETOUR CRITIQUE SUR LA SOCIOLOGIE DES USAGES Josiane JOUET © Réseaux n° 100 -CNETVHermès Science Publications -2000Comment aborder en quelques pages l'apport de la sociologie des usages au champ de la communication ? Ne sommes-nous pas confrontés à un empilement de plus en plus vaste de travaux, à un corpus de recherches très diversifiées qui n'a pas encore fait l'objet d'une véritable sédimentation ? Le projet de dresser un bilan exhaustif des travaux pouvant se ranger sous l'étiquette « sociologie des usages » dépasse largement le cadre de ce court article et conduirait à une masse de références tout comme à l'inévitable risque d'oublis devant le volume d'études réalisées1. Le lecteur l'aura compris, l'optique est de faire l'économie d'un recensement systématique des travaux au profit d'une approche synthétique et critique2. De même l'option a été délibérément adoptée de centrer notre attention sur les travaux francophones qui constituent un courant spécifique de la...
How can communication practices, transformed by the arrival of computerized technologies and the evolution of me televisual system, be analysed? This article suggests looking at both technical and social mediation. The influence of technology is manifest in the modelling of practices on its logic and performance and in the increasing technicality of the communication process. That of society is seen in an individualization and personalization of uses, a combination of technical rationality and subjectivity. Yet the social link remains the reference which gives meaning to practices. Changes in life-styles and in users' discourse also bear witness to the inter-relatedness of technology and society which forms the theoretical approach of this analysis of communication practices.
This article is concerned with the way in which the Internet may affect political information patterns and interpersonal conversations about issues of public interest. It presents the first findings of a quantitative and qualitative study done in France about news consumption of traditional mass media and of the web. It investigates the impact of the Internet on information sources and studies the forms of information practices on the web. It also examines the difference between face-to-face discussions and online exchanges about politics and current events. Data show that even if digital practices are developing, the use of the mass media for political information still prevails, while political exchange mainly takes place in the ordinary social networks of daily life. Furthermore, the research demonstrates that people who are the most engaged in information and political practices on the Internet are also those who previously had a high interest in current events.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.