RESUMO Correlação entre as propriedades nutricionais dos grãos e viscosidade de pasta de farinhas pré-gelatinizadas de arroz -vermelhoAssim como as de qualquer variedade de arroz, as características do arroz-vermelho estão sujeitas a diferenças varietais, condições de cultivo e forma de processamento, propriedades nutricionais e reológicas. Neste trabalho, determinaram-se as características nutricionais (composição centesimal e de minerais) e as propriedades de viscosidade da pasta dos grãos crus de quatro genótipos de arroz-vermelho (Tradicional, MNAPB0405, MNACE0501 e MNACH0501) e as propriedades de viscosidade de pasta de farinhas pré-gelatinizadas, obtidas em diferentes tempos de cocção (20, 30 Correlation between grain nutritional content and pasting properties of pre-gelatinized red rice flourAs with any variety of rice, red rice characteristics are subject to varietal differences, growing conditions, types of processing, and nutritional and rheological properties. This study determined the nutritional characteristics (centesimal composition and minerals) and paste viscosity properties of raw grains of four red rice genotypes (Tradicional MNAPB0405, MNACE0501 and MNACH0501) and the paste viscosity properties of pre-gelatinized flours obtained at different cooking times (20, 30 and 40 min). The main nutritional properties were correlated with the pasting properties of the pre-gelatinized flours. The samples showed differences in nutritional properties and paste viscosity. MNAPB0405 and MNACE0501 showed higher levels of fiber and fat and provided higher caloric energy than Tradicional and MNACH0501, which, in turn, showed higher levels of amylose. MNACH0501 showed higher peak viscosity (2402 cP), higher breakdown viscosity (696 cP) and a greater tendency to retrogradation (1510 cP), while Tradicional, MNAPB0405 and MNACE0501 had pasting profiles with peak viscosities varying between 855 and 1093 cP, breaking viscosity below 85 cP and retrogradation tendency between 376 and 1206 cP. The factors genotype and cooking time influenced the rheological behavior of pre-gelatinized flours, decreasing their pasting properties. The protein and amylose levels are correlated with the pasting properties and can be used as indicators of these properties in different genotypes of red rice, whether raw or processed into pre-gelatinized flours.
RESUMOEstudou-se, no presente trabalho, a qualidade tecnológica de quatro genótipos de arroz-vermelho para verificar sua adaptação às exigências do mercado consumidor e se determinaram, nos grãos, comprimento, grau de polimento, brancura e transparência, temperatura de gelatinização, teor de amilose, teste de panela, tempo mínimo de cocção, expansão de volume e absorção de água. Os grãos foram classificados como longos e médios. A maioria dos genótipos estudados apresentou teor de amilose intermediário, característica de grãos macios e, após resfriamento, característica de grãos duros e soltos, o que não se previa tendo em vista que o arroz-vermelho costuma apresentar baixo teor de amilose. Todos os genótipos tiveram alta temperatura de gelatinização. O genótipo MNACH0501 reuniu o maior número de características desejáveis em relação à qualidade tecnológica, favoráveis ao atendimento ao consumidor do arroz-vermelho, o que o torna adequado para o lançamento direcionado a esse nicho de mercado. Palavras-chave:Oryza sativa, qualidade tecnológica, composição química, tecnologia de cereais Technological quality of four different genotypes of red rice ABSTRACT In this work the technological quality of four different genotypes of red rice was studied to verify their adaptation to the requirements of the Brazilian market. The grain length, milling degree, brightness and transparency, temperature of gelatinization, amylose content, cooking quality, minimum cooking time, expansion in volume and water absorption were determined. The grains were classified as medium and long. Most of the studied genotypes showed intermediate levels of amylose, that implies a characteristic of softness after cooking, and hardness and looseness after cooling, which was not expected, once the red rice normally has low levels of amylose. All genotypes had a high gelatinization temperature. The genotype MNACH0501 had the largest number of desirable characteristics for technological quality, attending red-rice consumer's demands, what makes it appropriate to be delivered to this specific and potential market.
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