Bullying has been a serious social issue in contemporary society. Traditionally, bullying has been examined in various social contexts and different populations including academic, community, and workplace settings. In recent years, although there has been an increasing number of publications about women's experiences of harassment and sexual assaults at work, there has not been much research that specifically focuses on women and women's experiences of workplace bullying. The purpose of this article was to explore women's experiences of workplace bullying from a content analysis of the literature published between 2000 and 2017 on workplace bullying. While 180 peer‐reviewed published journal articles were initially identified, 53 of them met the inclusion criteria for the study. Four main themes emerged: 1) women's health, 2) social relationship, 3) work environment, and 4) victimization. Discussion of the findings and implications for research and practice for adult education, HROD, and workplace education will be provided.
Generally, educators dislike marketing their programs and have traditionally operated on a “build it and they will come” principle. This method is potentially jeopardizing the sustainability of adult education graduate programs throughout the United States, resulting in some graduate programs being integrated into larger programs, discontinued, or even closed. In this article, the authors focus on adult learners in adult education graduate contexts and posit that marketing does not have to be driven blindly by market forces, but instead can be used to build more useful and viable graduate programs that fit the highly contextualized needs of adult learners. To bridge this gap, the 4P's of marketing, which have been referred to as “the holy quadruple…of the marketing faith,” will be presented and then integrated with adult education praxis with the intention of providing a way forward for bringing adult learners together with relevant programs and creating ethical and sustainable programs (Kent, 1986, p. 146).
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