Introduction. Spasticity – the basic and the most common clinical syndrome of cerebral palsy. Most of the time child’s functional and movement disorders depend on this. Botulinum toxin is a drug that relaxes muscles by blocking the release of acetylcholine (ACH) in neuro muscular connection and reduces level of spasticity. The short-term effect of BTX has been proven in scientific literature and it is well known. The effect of treatment with BTX –A in a long-term remains insufficiently studied. Purpose. To evaluate the effect on changes in child’s with cerebral palsy conditions of ankle and child’s mobility over the long time (over 1 year) in the treatment with BTX-A. Method. 98 children with cerebral palsy were treated. The main indication for the treatment of BTX- A was a dynamic ankle joint contracture, resulting in functional status or movement disorders. Condition of all children were evaluated 1 month before starting the treatment with BTX; prior to each injection; within 1 – 2 months after the beginning of treatment with Dysport and after 4 months while planning further treatment with botulinum toxin. The passive ROM of child’s ankle joint was assessed with goniometer measuring the ankle of dorsiflexion while stretching the child’s knee. The functional movement of the child was assessed using the GMFM -88 scale. Results. The average age of children after first BTX-A injection was 33.29 ± 16.235 months. The majority of children (n = 45) were mobile belonging to I - II level at the GMFCS and partly mobile belonging to level III (n = 35). The number of injections of BTX –A ranged from 2 to 8 times per child. The data suggest that despite long-term treatment with BTX –A and physical therapy with the increase of child’s age the contracture of the ankle joint forms. In all cases the only criteria which are statistically significant is time. It means that passive changes in ankle joint dorsiflexion depend on its treatment time. Assessment of child’s functional movement with GMFM -88 scale showed that with each injection of BTX –A the functional movement of a child is enhanced. The highest improvement in motion has been established after the sixth injection of botulinum toxin. Conclusion. Treatment with BTX-A doesn’t have an impact on increase of passive amplitude of ankle and it doesn‘t affect the formation of contractures. Functional movements of a child improvement depend on treatment time: the best result was reached after sixth injection of BTX.
Tikslas. Nustatyti, kada ir kokius pirmuosius kalbos ir bendravimo raidos sutrikimus pastebi tėvai, auginantys kalbos raidos sutrikimų turinčius vaikus, ir kaip tai susiję su raidos vertinimu ir ankstyvu raidos sutrikimo diagnozavimu. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Atliktas vienmomentis skerspjūvio tyrimas anoniminės anketinės apklausos metodu. Apklausti 103 tėvai, atvykę į Vaikų ligoninės, Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santaros klinikų filialo, Vaiko raidos centro Ankstyvosios reabilitacijos skyrių ir auginantys kalbos raidos sutrikimų turinčius vaikus (1-7 metų). Tyrimas vyko 2018 – 2019 metais. Rezultatai. Dauguma tėvų (78,2 %) nurodė, jog pirmieji atkreipė dėmesį į vaiko kalbos raidą. Daugiau kaip pusė tėvų (65 %) pastebėjo vaiko iki 2 metų kalbos raiškos sutrikimą. Sudėtingiau tėvams buvo pastebėti vaiko kalbos supratimo problemas, atpažinti autizmo požymius, todėl neretai (30-35 % atvejų) dėmesys vaiko raidai buvo pavėluotas. Tik pusės tiriamųjų raida buvo tikrinta šeimos gydytojų pagal psichomotorinės raidos tikrinimo lenteles. Jiems nustatytas įvairiapusis raidos sutrikimas (37,3 %), mišrus raidos sutrikimas (22,0 %), kalbos sutrikimas (14,7 %), nenurodyta diagnozė (26,0 %). Daugiau kaip pusei tiriamųjų (56 %) raidos sutrikimas diagnozuotas esant 2-3 metų. Nustatyta koreliacija tarp diagnozės nustatymo laiko ir vaiko raidos sutrikimo pastebėjimo laiko (r=0,498) vaiko psichomotorinės raidos tikrinimo metu (r=0,158). Išvados. Kuo anksčiau pastebimi vaiko raidos atsilikimo požymiai, tuo greičiau nustatoma diagnozė. Vaiko kalbos raidos sutrikimai anksčiau diagnozuojami, jei jie buvo vertinti šeimos gydytojų pagal psichomotorinės raidos tikrinimo lenteles. Tėvai pavėluotai pastebi vaiko raidos sutrikimus, laiku neatkreipia dėmesio į tai, jog vaikas mažai kalba, nevykdo prašymų, nereaguoja į vardą.
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