Background: Chemical ocular injury is a common injury among the population of Bangladesh. This present study in aimed to evaluate the pattern of chemical ocular injury in our context. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done among 50 patients of chemical ocular injury by different substances between January and June 2013. After initial evaluation patients were also followed up for next 3 months to evaluate the visual outcome. Results: Male to female ratio was 1.7:1. Males between 21-30 years and 41-50 years were mostly affected whereas females of 41-50 were affected most. Most commonly affected occupation was service (36%) followed by housewives (22%) and majority (58%) were from low socio-economic conditions. Thirty five (70%) cases were alkali burn and remainder 15 (30%) were acid burn. Among alkali, hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 had highest percentage 82.8%. Most (46%) patients with good visual acuity i.e. 6/12 -6/24 belongs to early (less than six hours) reporting time interval. It was found that 48% were grade -I and 34% cases were grade -II injury and other grades were not pronounced. Study showed that improvement of visual acuity after initial management and subsequent treatment was significant. Conclusion: Alkali burn is the common pattern of ocular injury in our country where lime is the common chemical substance. Early intervention is essential to avoid long term visual disability.

Background: Menopause is a natural process. After menopause the morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease are increased. Lack of oestrogen protection, aging effect, increased body weight, android pattern of body fat distribution seems to be the major cause. In post menopausal women, there is an increased tendency for body fat deposition in the abdominal region that leads to low HDL and increased LDL. The aim of thy study is to document the serum lipid abnormality in obese postmenopausal women and to compare the lipid status between obese and non-obese postmenopausal women. Methods: This comparative study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, SMCH from Oct 2010 to Sept 2011 for duration of 1 year. After taking history, physical examination weight and height were taken, body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR) were calculated and 4 ml of venous blood were taken from all subjects after 12-hour overnight fasting. Results: It was observed significantly positive correlation between TC, LDL level and W/H ratio and significantly negative correlation between HDL level and W/H ratio and significantly positive correlation between TG, TC, LDL, and BMI and significantly negative correlation between HDL and BMI. It was also observed significantly positive correlation between TG and WC, TC and WC, LDL and WC and significantly negative correlation between HDL and WC. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that mixed type of hyperlipidemia is present in postmenopausal women. Dyslipidemia is more pronounced in central obese postmenopausal women. Dyslipidemia is significantly correlated with WHR, waist circumference, and BMI.

Background: The liver is the organ most subjected to the development of abscesses and made up 48 % of all visceral abscesses' and 7% of all intra abdominal abscesses. Liver abscess should be suspected when there is a combination of fever, leucocytosis, constitutional symptoms, and pain in the right upper quadrant, and tenderness over the liver or right lower rib cage. The liver is affected by a number of local and disseminated infections; their frequency and types vary considerably around the world. Parasitic disorders are more prevalent in developing countries. Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The cases were taken from the admitted patients of Medicine unit of SMCH, Chittagong. The study was conducted over a period of one year with a sample size of 50 patients and sample was taken by purposive sampling. Results: Among 50 patients 40 (80%) were diagnosed as ALA and 10 (20%) were diagnosed as PLA. ALA cases are common in 21-30 years age group & PLA cases are more common in >50 years of age group. Majority of the cases were from rural area. Common clinical features were fever, abdominal pain, nausea and tender hepatomegaly. Diarrhea was present on admission in 7 (15.9%) patients of ALA. Anaemia was common in both but polymorphonuclear leucocytosis was moderate to severe in PLA. Microscopic examination of stool samples for E. Histolytica trophozoites was positive in 3 (7.5%) cases and cysts in 4(10%) cases. Nine patients had right sided pleural effusion. Conclusions: Clinical features are common in both ALA and PLA. Liver abscesses are more common in men and more prevalent in rural areas. ALA more commonly occurs in 21-30 years age group but can occur at any age. Pyogenic abscess is more common in older age group (>50 years) and E. Coli is the commonest organism.

Skin diseases cause morbidity in major numbers of people around the world. Their pattern of distribution varies on certain factors like age, sex, occupation, genetics, environment etc. The aim of the study was to analyze and found prevalence of different skin diseases in this particular area of the country to provide useful findings. This study was carried out in the outdoor Department of Dermatology and Venereology of Southern Medical College Hospital, a tertiary teaching and referral hospital in Chittagong, Bangladesh from July 2011 to June 2015. There were 1644 patient, of them 637(38.75%) was male and 1007(61.25%) was female. Highest (26.03%) numbers of patient were in the age group of 21-30 years followed by 11-20 years age group (23.73%). Both male and female suffered mostly from same condition: eczematous disease (20.72% & 18.87%) followed by fungal infection(14.9% and 18.57%). Non-infectious skin disease was in 59.18% and infectious skin disease in 40.82%. Among non-infectious and infectious skin disease, eczematous disease and fungal skin disease were commonest, comprising 19.59% and 17.15% of the total patient respectively. Among the eczematous diseases, highest 38.5 % had eczema. Psoriasis comprises highest 48.1% among papulosquamous diseases. Regarding fungal skin diseases, 75.89% had dermatophyte infection and 65.42% were female. JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (1) : 23 - 27

Hypertension is a leading contributor to global burden of cardiovascular as well as cerebrovascular mortality and morbidity. This paper presents a study on prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs at medicine ward of a private hospital. An observational study was done for 6 months period (1st March 2015 to 30th August 2015) on 82 Patients at Medicine ward of Southern Medical College Hospital. The objectives of this study were to identify whether monotherapy or combination therapy was most effective in controlling blood pressure, to identify types of antihypertensive drugs most commonly prescribed, to find out most preferred combinations and to see if prescription pattern complied with existing guidelines.Patients of 18 years old or above diagnosed as hypertensive according to JNC-7 and those being prescribed with antihypertensives as well as given consent for the study were included. Among 82 hypertensive patients, male constituted 53.7% and female 46.3%. Monotherapy was prescribed for 42.7% and combination therapy for 57.3% patients. 42.7% received two drugs, 13.4% received three drugs and 1.2% received four drug combinations. Of all monotherapy users, Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) was most prescibed, used in 77.2% cases. Regarding combination therapy, most preferred combination was ARB and calciumchannel- blocker, used in 44.6% cases. Olmesartan (79.4%) was most preferred as ARB. Combination therapy was more preferred than monotherapy and two drug combination was mostly selected. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker was mostly used agent. Existing guidelines had implications in prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs. JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (2) : 39- 43