São Francisco Valley (SFV) is located in Northeastern Brazil, in a tropical semi-arid region where one vine can produce two harvests per year, due to high temperatures, solar radiation rates, and irrigation throughout the year. This is the main characteristic differing this from other winegrowing region in the world. The objective of this study was to characterize volatile profiles of sparkling wines produced by the traditional method, using Chenin Blanc and Syrah grapes, the two main varieties used for white and red wines, respectively, grown in the region. The sparkling wines remained on lees for six months maturing. The sparkling wines were characterized by the parameters density, pH, total titratable and volatile acidities, residual sugars, dry extract, alcohol content, total phenolic compounds, in vitro antioxidant activity and volatile fraction. The volatile fraction extraction was performed by the HS-SPME technique and tentative identification of the volatile compounds was carried out with GC-MS using the scan mode. A total of 33 volatile compounds were identified, among them 11 alcohols, 13 esters, five carboxylic acids, and four different chemical classes. The volatile profile of Chenin Blanc sparkling wine was associated mainly to 2,3-butanediol, 3-ethoxypropan-1-ol, diethyl succinate, and ethyl decanoate, while Syrah sparkling wine was characterized by benzaldehyde, butyric acid, and some acetates. This study reported for the first time volatile profiles of traditional sparkling wines from SFV, as new products, contributing to better understand the quality potential of these beverages for a tropical semi-arid region.

A methodology for the rapid determination of the aromatic compounds methyl anthranilate (MA), 2'-aminoacetophenone (2-AAP) and furaneol by GC-MS was validated and used to characterize grape juice and wine elaborated with the new Brazilian grape varieties cultivated in northeastern Brazil, and Brazilian grape nectars. The method presented linearity (R ˃ 0.9952), good accuracy (CV < 12.9%), recovery (76.6% to 106.3%), limit of detection (23 μg L to 94 μg L) and limit of quantification (96 μg L to 277 μg L) acceptable in only 20 min of running. The methodology was considered satisfactory for the purpose, being a simple and rapid method for the determination of these compounds in grape derivatives drinks. In the characterization of the nectars the compound that stood out was the MA, being its presence attributed to the addition of flavorings in these products. It was evidenced a significant contribution of furaneol in the aroma of grape juice and wines elaborated with the new Brazilian grape varieties.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of storage time and bottle color on the phenolic compound profiles of Syrah red and sparkling Moscatel wines stored for 12 months in green, amber, and clear bottles. The profile of the phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in vitro were determined. Commercial wines were bottled in an automatic filling machine and closed with natural cork. After the bottling process, the wines were stored vertically on shelves which received natural light indirectly (±8 h/day), at temperatures which varied from 24 to 30 °C and relative humidity 40–65%. The wines were analyzed every three months over one year. Several phenolic compound families were quantified through reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled to diode-array detection (DAD) and fluorescence detection (FD). The different bottle colors studied had not influenced the evolution of the sparkling Moscatel and Syrah red wines. The main variations obtained were related to storage time. The main changes were observed in the Syrah wine, where storage time was associated with an increase in hue (h*), decrease in catechin and epicatechin, and most notably, a decrease in the anthocyanin malvidin 3-glucoside. The sparkling Moscatel wine did not show important changes in most phenolic compounds; however, the catechin increased significantly during storage and this increase was similar in bottles of all colors. In general, the wines were stable in relation to the antioxidant activity in vitro.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are nondigestible compounds of great interest for food and pharmaceutical industries due to their beneficial prebiotic, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. The market size of XOS is increasing significantly, which makes its production from lignocellulosic biomass an interesting approach to the valorization of the hemicellulose fraction of biomass, which is currently underused. This review comprehensively discusses XOS production from lignocellulosic biomass, aiming at its application in integrated biorefineries. A bibliometric analysis is carried out highlighting the main players in the field. XOS production yields after different biomass pretreatment methods are critically discussed using Microsoft PowerBI® (2.92.706.0) software, which involves screening important trends for decision-making. Enzymatic hydrolysis and the major XOS purification strategies are also explored. Finally, the integration of XOS production into biorefineries, with special attention to economic and environmental aspects, is assessed, providing important information for the implementation of biorefineries containing XOS in their portfolio.

Objetivou-se avaliar a frequência de administração de anticoncepcional em gatas domésticas, realizadas pelos tutores. O trabalho foi realizado em clínicas veterinárias em João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizado um questionário estruturado com tutores de gatas em duas clínicas veterinárias, buscando recolher informações acerca da frequência de aplicação, idade na qual os anticoncepcionais são administrados e efeitos colaterais em seus animais de estimação, assim como, os possíveis efeitos colaterais e adversos e os conhecimentos sobre os riscos que apresenta para o animal. Foram entrevistados ao todo 50 tutores, em que identificaram que a idade das gatas em que mais fazia o uso de anticoncepcionais estava entre um a três anos e 78% dos tutores usam ou usariam esses fármacos para evitar gestação nas fêmeas. Observou-se que 79% dos tutores fazem o uso dos fármacos mesmo conhecendo os efeitos colaterais indesejáveis e revelaram que o motivo para o uso, seria a questão financeira, já que a castração custaria um valor maior. Cerca de 90% dos tutores, fazem o uso da apresentação injetável dos fármacos e a maioria 85% adquirem livremente em pet shops. Conclui-se a utilização dos anticoncepcionais em gatas tem um percentual alto, mesmo com o conhecimento dos tutores sobre os riscos do uso contínuo, como piometra ou neoplasias, e que estes fármacos são facilmente comercializados nas casas agropecuárias e que na maioria não são administrados por médicos veterinários.