The objective was to determine the success of the three most frequent attackers in elite men's volleyball, according to their location on-court when attacking. 2925 attacks (terminal actions) were registered from 23 matches of the 2010 Men's World Championship, registering the player role (1st receiver, 2nd receiver and opposite), the location on the court when the attack took place (front and back court) and the result of the attack (positive (#) and negative (=)). The Chi-square test presented significant results (p<0.000) for the variables. The effect of the association showed a Cramer's V = 0.152. The adjusted residual analysis showed higher values than expected for the opposite between the back-court location and the attack= and for the front-court location and the attack#. The decision tree analysis performed set the result of the attack as the dependent variable and the player role and the location on the court as independent variables. The model split the sample into two groups: opposite and 1st and 2nd receiver. The receivers presented a probability of success of 72.5% in their attacks, whereas for the opposite it was 55.1%. Additionally, the likelihood of success of the opposite when performing definitive attacks was 48.4% from the back court and 62% from the front court. The lack of significance regarding the location on the court for the receivers means there was no statistical difference in the attack# probability between the front and back court location for them. Hence, all tests performed indicate an increasing relevance of the outside hitters from the back court, contrasting with the use of the opposite in male volleyball as a specialist in back-court attack rather than any of the receivers.
The objectives of this systematic review were to verify the existing scientific literature published in electronic databases about middle players in volleyball, and to describe a profile middle players should fulfill in order to achieve the highest possible level. The PRISMA protocol was followed. A search of the literature was carried out in electronic databases (ISI Web of Science™, Scopus and SPORTDiscus). Of the 1266 initial results, 41 articles were selected, comprised between 2003 and 2016. The main topics studied about middle blockers are: match analysis, technique, physical effort, muscle strength, injuries, body measures and mental skills. Overall, middle blockers tend to be the tallest and heaviest players with an ectomorph somatotype, and present the largest reach when jumping. Blocking and attacking (i.e. first tempo attack) are their main functions, thus they should dominate them. They present a higher risk of injury, particularly in their knees and fingers. Mentally, they seem to show less toughness and resiliency than other playing positions.
Se analizó si el entrenamiento con electroestimulación neuromuscular (EENM) dinámica podría mejora la velocidad, la fuerza explosiva y la fuerza máxima. Se formaron 5 grupos de entrenamiento: EENM concéntrica (Ed), EENM concéntrica más pliometría (EdP), voluntario (V), voluntario con pliometría (VP) y grupo control (GC). Los grupos experimentales entrenaron el cuádriceps durante 4 semanas (16 sesiones), valorándose el tiempo de carrera en 20 m (T-20), los saltos verticales SJ y CMJ y la fuerza máxima isométrica de los extensores de la rodilla (FMI). Los protocolos de entrenamiento realizados no modificaron los tests T-20, SJ ni CMJ, pero se observaron incrementos significativos en la FMI (+30.5% entre T1 y T2 y entre T1 y T3). La EENM dinámica parece no mejorar las acciones explosivas y de velocidad, sin embargo mejora la fuerza máxima isométrica en la misma cuantía que lo hace el entrenamiento voluntario.
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