The economic activity of recycling belongs to an unfortunate and marginalized segment of society in Colombia. This fact translates in high rates of informality and a general perception about people that work in this activity, which come usually from extreme poverty, burdened by discrimination, drug addiction, and rejection. The goal of this research was to determine the most significant factors impacting levels of society and economics. For this purpose, we carried out a mixed analysis in the chain of the recycling sector in Neiva, an intermediate city. Because of the informality of waste pickers’ union, official information and field survey were conducted to identify the waste commercialization establishments. The collection and transportation process were identified, and a survey was applied to 50 waste pickers and ten recycling companies. Seventy-two percent of the population is constituted by male gender, older than 25 years, in an unsafe condition, and with labor intensity of 8 hours per day (average). On the other hand, forty percent of companies have labor-related personnel, which confirms a high level of informality in the sector. The most commercialized product is cardboard, and the vast majority only purchase and commercialize the material.
There is a problem associated with the impact generated by environmental education in Latin American educational institutions and how it is reflected in the behaviour of students and its contribution to society. This research proposes the design of a sustainable strategy to develop Environmental Programs in Educational Institutions. The research was carried out in the city of Neiva – Colombia. A sample of 34 institutions was used, and an interview was conducted with three schools that reported successful environmental projects at a national level. It was found that by 2018 only 9% of educational institutions had successfully developed School Environmental Programs, 93% state that the availability of time is one of the biggest obstacles for its implementation, and 67% of these ensure that they have not received technical advice nor have the necessary financial resources.
Contextualización Los riesgos ambientales presentes en las diferentes actividades académicas, han venido variando por la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías y metodologías de estudio; ocasionando que éstos aparezcan en entornos que no estaban diseñados para realizar estas actividades tales como la iluminación, el cual un factor crítico y fundamental para el desarrollo académico. Vacío del conocimiento Se desconoce si los estudiantes de educación a distancia, presentan riesgos por iluminación en el área donde trabajan y/o estudian dentro de sus viviendas. Propósito de estudio Partiendo de lo anterior y debido a la complejidad que trajo la pandemia para volcar el hogar hacia áreas de recreación, trabajo y estudio permanentes; surgió esta investigación que busca identificar el riesgo por iluminación en las áreas de estudio de los estudiantes de educación superior a distancia. Metodología Para el desarrollo del presente estudio, se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de 329 estudiantes de educación universitaria a distancia, quienes habían adquirido formación en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo previamente. Se aplicó una sección de la guía técnica de evaluación de iluminación como herramienta de recolección de información desarrollada por el INSST de España; con base en ello, se acudió a una aplicación móvil para medir la iluminación en el puesto de trabajo durante las horas de la mañana, tarde y noche. Resultados y Conclusiones Se encontró que el 35% de los estudiantes contaban con zonas exclusivas de estudio, el 74% perciben que los niveles de iluminación son óptimos para realizar estas actividades; un 30% de éstos manifiesta tener problemas asociados al cansancio y la fatiga visual, al utilizar y analizar los niveles de luminidad, se evidencio que, en promedio, solo un 30% de los encuestados cuentan con niveles de iluminación óptimos para realizar esta actividad de acuerdo con la norma.
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