La adolescencia es una etapa del ciclo vital que implica grandes cambios en todas las facetas de la vida. En dicha etapa, la persona está expuesta a múltiples factores de riesgo y de protección que pueden incidir en su salud, por lo que estudiar el constructo del bienestar se hace necesario para comprender a mayor profundidad la salud mental en este periodo. A pesar de lo anterior, se ha observado en el contexto latinoamericano una ausencia importante de instrumentos diseñados para tal fin, de modo que el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de bienestar psicológico adolescente diseñada por Soler, sustentada en la teoría PERMA de Seligman y presentar alternativas a la estructura factorial original. Se realizó una investigación instrumental en la que participaron 779 adolescentes de Montevideo, muestra que fue dividida aleatoriamente en dos partes para efectuar una validación cruzada. En la muestra de entrenamiento (n=390) se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial exploratorio que reveló opciones de cuatro y cinco dimensiones. Posteriormente, se evaluaron cuatro modelos en la muestra de prueba (n=389) mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio, destacándose dos estructuras pentadimensionales, la original (35 ítems) y la abreviada (20 ítems). En ambas se encontraron correlaciones positivas con bienestar, autoestima y autoeficacia, y negativas con síntomas depresivos y malestar psicológico; sin embargo, la validez convergente y discriminante del modelo abreviado fue superior. La consistencia interna de cada factor varió desde inaceptable hasta excelente, aunque en promedio puede considerarse adecuada. Se concluye que la escala formulada por Soler en su versión abreviada posee mejores propiedades psicométricas que la original, constituyéndose en un instrumento válido y confiable que puede ser administrado en la población adolescente montevideana para evaluar el bienestar psicológico multidimensional. Abstract. Adolescence is a stage in the life cycle that involves great changes in all facets of life. In this stage, the person is exposed to multiple risk and protective factors that can affect their health, so studying the construct of well-being is necessary to understand more deeply the mental health in this period. Despite the above, an important absence of instruments designed for this purpose has been observed in the Latin American context, so the aim of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the adolescent psychological well-being scale designed by Soler, based on Seligman's PERMA theory, and to present alternatives to the original factor structure. An instrumental investigation was carried out in which 779 adolescents from Montevideo participated, a sample that was randomly divided into two parts to carry out a cross-validation. An exploratory factor analysis was carried out in the training sample (n = 390), which revealed four and five dimensional options. Subsequently, four models were evaluated in the test sample (n=389) by means of a confirmatory factor analysis, highlighting two pentadimensional structures, the original (35 items) and the abbreviated (20 items). In both, positive correlations were found with well-being, self-esteem and self-efficacy, and negative correlations with depressive symptoms and psychological distress; however, the convergent and discriminant validity of the abbreviated model was superior. The internal consistency of each factor ranged from unacceptable to excellent, although on average it can be considered adequate. It is concluded that the scale formulated by Soler in its abbreviated version has better psychometric properties than the original one, constituting a valid and reliable instrument that can be administered in the Montevidean adolescent population to assess psychological well-being.

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios, así como corroborar la invarianza factorial con respecto al sexo. Participaron un total de 472 estudiantes, todos pertenecientes a una universidad ubicada en Maracaibo, Venezuela. En ambas escalas se probó el ajuste de varios modelos presentados en la literatura, hallando evidencias de validez factorial. Por un lado, la medida de autoeficacia general exhibió índices adecuados en una versión reducida de nueve ítems, mientras que la de autoeficacia académica reportó una adecuación satisfactoria cuando se planteó una estructura abreviada de siete reactivos. La fiabilidad, para ambos cuestionarios, se localizó en el rango comprendido entre valores buenos y excelentes. Por otra parte, el análisis de invarianza mostró que las escalas conservan sus propiedades según sexo, hecho que permite utilizarlas para estimar los factores latentes y realizar contrastes entre personas de ambos sexos. Se concluye que estas escalas son herramientas psicométricas confiables y válidas que pueden ser utilizadas en contextos universitarios para medir constructos como estos, relevantes para el éxito estudiantil. Palabras clave. Propiedades psicométricas, validez, confiabilidad, autoeficacia, educación superior. Abstract. The aim of the research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales of general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy in university students, as well as to assess the factorial invariance with respect to gender. A total of 472 students participated, all belonging to a university located in Maracaibo, Venezuela. In both scales, the adjustment of several models presented in the literature was tested, finding evidence of factorial validity. On the one hand, the general self-efficacy measure exhibited adequate indices in a reduced version of nine items, while the academic self-efficacy measure reported a satisfactory fit when a shortened structure of seven items was proposed. Reliability, for both questionnaires, was located in the range between good and excellent values. Furthermore, the analysis of invariance showed that the scales retain their properties according to sex, a fact that allows them to be used to estimate latent factors and make contrasts between people of both genders. It is concluded that these scales are reliable and valid psychometric tools that can be used in university contexts to measure constructs such as these, relevant to student success. Keywords. Psychometric properties, validity, reliability, self-efficacy, higher education.

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El enfoque del desarrollo positivo adolescente está centrado en el estudio de los recursos, activos y factores de orden interno y externo que promueven la salud mental, el adecuado funcionamiento psicosocial, el florecimiento y una transición exitosa a la adultez. La escala analizada en este trabajo se sustenta en este constructo y busca plantear una alternativa de medición para los factores promotores del desarrollo de dicha etapa evolutiva. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento propuesto para tal fin por García-Álvarez y Soler, inspeccionando aspectos como la validez factorial, convergente y discriminante, pero también atributos como la invarianza de medida y la consistencia interna. Asimismo, se trazó como propósito determinar el rol predictivo de los activos del desarrollo adolescente sobre el bienestar psicológico. Para ello, se contó con la participación de 257 adolescentes de Montevideo, Uruguay, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 19 años, en un estudio instrumental, transversal, correlacional y no experimental. Los resultados indican que la propuesta original de los autores tiene fallas de validez factorial, convergente y discriminante, razón por la cual se planteó una escala alternativa compuesta por 12 ítems obtenida al eliminar los reactivos problemáticos del cuestionario inicial. Los factores resultantes de dicho instrumento fueron agrupados en autoestima, autoeficacia, autocontrol relacional, optimismo, percepción de riesgos y bienestar. La versión abreviada reportó propiedades psicométricas apropiadas en todos los niveles evaluados, incluso en lo referente a la invarianza factorial. Los hallazgos también dan cuenta del efecto predictor de estos factores sobre el bienestar psicológico y sus dimensiones: control, aceptación, vínculos y proyectos. Se concluye que la opción reducida de la escala de los factores del desarrollo adolescente es una alternativa válida y confiable que puede ser utilizada como herramienta de medición de esta variable en la adolescencia temprana, tanto en el campo de intervenciones psicológicas como en el de investigación. Abstract. The approach to positive adolescent development is centered on the study of resources, assets, and internal or external factors that promote mental health, adequate psychosocial functioning, flourishing and a successful transition to adulthood. The scale analyzed in this work is based on this construct and seeks to propose a measurement alternative for the factors that promote the development of this evolutionary stage. The research aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the instrument proposed for this purpose by García-Álvarez and Soler, inspecting aspects such as factorial, convergent and discriminant validity, but also attributes such as measurement invariance and internal consistency. Likewise, the purpose was to determine the predictive role of adolescent development assets on psychological well-being. For this end, 257 adolescents from Montevideo, Uruguay, aged between 12 and 19 years old, participated in an instrumental, cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental study. The results indicate that the original proposal of the authors has flaws in factorial, convergent and discriminant validity, which is why an alternative scale composed of 12 items was proposed, obtained by eliminating the problematic items from the initial questionnaire. The resulting factors of this instrument were grouped into self-esteem, self-efficacy, relational self-control, optimism, perception of risks and well-being. The short version reported appropriate psychometric properties at all levels evaluated, including factor invariance. The findings also account for the predictive role of these factors on psychological well-being and its dimensions: control, acceptance, attachment and projects. It is concluded that the reduced option of the adolescent development factors scale is a valid and reliable alternative that can be used as a measurement tool for this variable in early adolescence, both in the field of psychological interventions and in research.

Description A 34-year-old IB1 FIGO stage squamous cell cervical cancer underwent a combined robotic laparoscopic-vaginal radical trachelectomy with enclosed colpotomy and without manipulator. After spontaneous pregnancy, she underwent a laparoscopic free needle cerclage. The pregnancy progressed with preterm amniotic membranes rupture and fetal loss at 19 weeks. Another spontaneous pregnancy occurred and an elective abdominal cerclage with Mersilene double suture by robotic-assisted laparoscopic technique was done. Ultrasonographically, the internal os, the endocervix, and the gestational sac were maintained under visualization throughout the procedure. At the same time, two robotic needle holders drove two needles symmetrically, passing from the posterior to the anterior portion of the cervical isthmus junction perpendicularly to the uterine axis and a blockage suture sequencing knots were made on the remaining cervix. Another identical suture was performed caudally. At 31 weeks, asymptomatic premature cervical dilatation was noted, and the patient was hospitalized. C-section was performed at 33 weeks and two days, and a healthy male infant was born. Conclusion/ImplicationsThe cervix is a fundamental structure for the development and the maintenance of a pregnancy. Different from patients with cervical incompetence, where there is data sustaining cervix cerclage, the literature is poor on the maintenance of pregnancy in post trachelectomy patients. This was a case report of a favorable evolution of pregnancy after cerclage in a patient with surgical removal of the cervix as cancer treatment.