PurposeAutosomal recessive non-syndromic deafness (ARNSD) is characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity with reported mutations in 58 different genes. This study was designed to detect deafness causing variants in a multiethnic cohort with ARNSD by using whole-exome sequencing (WES).MethodsAfter excluding mutations in the most common gene, GJB2, we performed WES in 160 multiplex families with ARNSD from Turkey, Iran, Mexico, Ecuador and Puerto Rico to screen for mutations in all known ARNSD genes.ResultsWe detected ARNSD-causing variants in 90 (56%) families, 54% of which had not been previously reported. Identified mutations were located in 31 known ARNSD genes. The most common genes with mutations were MYO15A (13%), MYO7A (11%), SLC26A4 (10%), TMPRSS3 (9%), TMC1 (8%), ILDR1 (6%) and CDH23 (4%). Nine mutations were detected in multiple families with shared haplotypes suggesting founder effects.ConclusionWe report on a large multiethnic cohort with ARNSD in which comprehensive analysis of all known ARNSD genes identifies causative DNA variants in 56% of the families. In the remaining families, WES allows us to search for causative variants in novel genes, thus improving our ability to explain the underlying etiology in more families.
Objectives
The genetics of sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity. Despite this heterogeneity, DNA variants found within SLC26A4 have been reported to be the second most common contributor after those of GJB2 in many populations.
Methods
Whole exome sequencing and/or Sanger sequencing of SLC26A4 in 117 individuals with sensorineural hearing loss with or without inner ear anomalies but not with goiter from Turkey, Iran, and Mexico were performed.
Results
We identified 27 unique SLC26A4 variants in 31 probands. The variants c.1673A>G (p.N558S), c.1708-1G>A, c.1952C>T (p.P651L), and c.2090-1G>A have not been previously reported. The p.N558S variant was detected in two unrelated Mexican families.
Conclusion
A range of SLC26A4 variants without a common recurrent mutation underlies SLC26A4-related hearing loss in Turkey, Iran, and Mexico.
Introducción. Las sorderas o hipoacusias prelinguales son de etiología genética entre el 60 y el 68% de los casos; de éstos, del 20 al 40% son malformaciones del oído interno. De los casos de hipoacusia no sindrómica ligada al X se han descrito siete tipos. De las malformaciones de oído interno, la partición coclear incompleta tipo III es la menos frecuente.
Objetivo. Presentar el reporte clínico-genético de una familia mexicana, con individuos varones afectados por sordera neurosensorial congénita con malformación de oído interno.
Material y Métodos. Se realizó estudio de una familia en la que nueve miembros presentaban sordera. Se estudiaron cuatro de ellos y una madre sin manifestaciones, a través del estudio clínico general por médico genetista, el estudio audiológico (otoscopía y audiometría) por médico audiólogo y el estudio de tomografía computada (TC) por médico radiólogo.
Resultados. Los pacientes estudiados presentaron sordera neurosensorial congénita, de severa a profunda bilateral. A través de la TC, se evidenció malformación de oído interno. Tres pacientes presentaron partición coclear incompleta tipo III y un paciente partición incompleta tipo I. Debido al estudio clínico y al árbol genealógico, se definió diagnóstico de hipoacusia neurosensorial no sindrómica ligada al X. La TC de la madre sin manifestaciones no presentó evidencia de malformaciones en oído interno (MOI).
Conclusión. El estudio de imagen es fundamental para definir presencia o no de MOI en todos los pacientes con hipoacusia y así poder guiar la terapéutica y el asesoramiento genético, así como realizar los estudios moleculares más adecuados.
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