Five patients: three children, one adolescent, and one young adult, examined in an emergency room setting were diagnosed with post-traumatic transient cortical blindness. This syndrome is characterized by transient visual loss, normal pupillary response and normal funduscopic examination following minor head trauma. In each case, vision returned to normal within minutes to hours following injury, leaving no neurological sequelae. Headache, confusion, irritability, anxiety, nausea and vomiting were the most common related symptoms. While the mechanism responsible for the transient blindness is unknown, most authors propose an abnormal vascular response to trauma with resultant transient hypoxia and cerebral dysfunction. The similarity between the symptoms accompanying this syndrome and those seen during a classic migraine attack has led many investigators to suggest a common underlying pathophysiology. The purpose of this report is to highlight the salient clinical features and diagnostic approaches to this syndrome, thereby providing ophthalmologists and emergency room physicians a heightened awareness of this entity and the means to detect it.

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Three patients with various manifestations of the amniotic band syndrome associated with strabismus are presented and discussed. All three cases demonstrate a paralytic strabismus due to a unilateral paresisparalysis of the medial rectus in one case and of the superior rectus in another. The third case showed a bilateral lateral rectus paralysis. In two cases, the strabismus was accompanied by other ocular manifestations, while in one patient strabismus and amblyopia were the sole ophthalmological findings. In two of the cases, a direct association between the mesodermal bands and the strabismus could be established, while in one case this association might have been incidental. Careful ophthalmological followup and treatment of these cases prevented needless loss of vision while appropriate muscle surgery restored decent cosmetic appearance in one case.

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