PAVF affects pediatric population at different ages with miscellaneous clinical manifestations. Endovascular treatment is safe and effective when the venous side of the fistula can be occluded.
Background Superselective ophthalmic artery chemotherapy (SOAC) is a proven therapy for the treatment of retinoblastomas. We describe the technique, results and complications of SOAC performed in our hospital. Objective The aim of this article is to demonstrate that a seemingly complex technique can be carried out with a low morbidity rate. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients receiving SOAC in our department from November 2014 to April 2017 was performed. Data collected were age, gender, number of procedures, arteries approached, bilaterality of treatment, and complications. The procedure was performed using a 3F sheath and a flow-dependent 1.5F microcatheter that was navigated from the femoral artery to the ostium of the ophthalmic artery (OA). When the OA was too small or a stable position could not be achieved, the microcatheter was navigated in the external carotid artery to reach an anastomotic ramus (AR) of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) to the OA. The drugs were then injected through the microcatheter in a pulsatile way. Results Forty-one patients underwent SOAC. A total of 248 procedures were performed in 45 eyes, and 248 arteries were approached (205 OAs and 43 MMAs). Four patients underwent tandem therapy (both eyes treated in the same procedure). Complications were: hypotension and bradycardia during the procedure (five cases), transient thrombosis of the femoral artery (two cases), retinal hemorrhage (one case), alopecia (one case), and anaphylactic shock to carboplatin (one case). No patient showed adverse effects of radiation or ischemic stroke. Conclusion SOAC is a safe technique with a very low complication rate.
Following anatomic landmarks of the external carotid (EC) artery the ophthalmic artery can be easily reached and catheterized for training and investigational purposes.
Objetivo:
Determinar la efectividad del tratamiento endovascular en aneurismas complejos de la edad pediátrica.
Material y Métodos:
Se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico y posterior tratamiento de aneurismas cerebrales en un centro pediátrico de alta complejidad, desde enero 2011 hasta enero 2021.Se consideraron aneurismas complejos aquellos que reunían las características detalladas por el autor Andaluz et al.(1): gigantes, localizados en áreas de difícil acceso, los que afecten vaso madre junto con sus ramas o aquellos con estructura compleja de la pared aneurismática.
Se midieron variables como síntomas, enfermedades asociadas, tipo de aneurisma, tipo de tratamiento y evolución.
Se consideró tratamiento constructivo aquel en el cual se respeta la indemnidad del vaso madre y tratamiento deconstructivo aquel en el que se ocluyó el aneurisma en conjunto con el vaso madre.
Resultados:
Catorce aneurismas en 14 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de aneurismas complejos, de los cuales 8 recibieron tratamiento constructivo y 6 tratamiento deconstructivo. Un paciente falleció debido a su enfermedad de base. Tres pacientes se encuentran en seguimiento, esperando el efecto de stent diversor de flujo. En el resto se logró oclusión completa. No hubo complicaciones.
Conclusiones:
El tratamiento endovascular (constructivo y deconstructivo) para aneurismas complejos de la edad pediátrica es efectivo. Como en todo aneurisma pediátrico es esencial el seguimiento a largo plazo. En la técnica constructiva se deben controlar los cambios hemodinámicos a lo largo del tiempo.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.