El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la prevalencia y comorbilidad entre síndrome de burnout, la depresión y la ansiedad, si se manifiestan por separado el uno del otro o están estrechamente entrelazados de forma que refleje el mismo fenómeno. Se realizó un estudio transversal que incluye 459 (61 por ciento mujeres) maestros. El burnout se evaluó con el Maslach Burnout Inventory para educadores. La depresión y la ansiedad se evaluó con los Inventarios de Beck de Depresión y Ansiedad. Las tasas de prevalencia del burnout (20.8 por ciento), depresión (10.6 por ciento) y ansiedad (30.9 por ciento) son altas. La comorbilidad entre ellos es de 19.7 por ciento. Los maestros con burnout presentan incremento en depresión y ansiedad. Además, el agotamiento emocional fue significativamente asociado con la ansiedad y la depresión más que con la despersonalización o realización personal.Palabras clave: Profesores, síndrome de Burnout, ansiedad y depresión.
Abstract Comorbidity between burnout syndrome, depression and anxiety in a Elementary School teachers sample, State of MexicoThe aim of this research was to examine the prevalence and comorbidity between burnout syndrome, depressive and anxiety, whether manifest themselves separately from each other or are so closely intertwined as to reflect the same phenomenon. A cross-sectional study involving 459 (61 por ciento female) Mexican schoolteachers was conducted. Burnout syndrome was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory Educators. Depression and anxiety was assessed with the Inventories Beck Depression and Anxiety. Prevalence rates of burnout (20.8 por ciento), depression (10.6 por ciento) and anxiety (30.9 por ciento) are high. Comorbidity among them is 19.7 por ciento. Teachers with increasing burnout experienced increases in depression or anxiety. In addition, emotional exhaustion was significantly associated with anxiety and depression than with depersonalization or personal accomplishment. Our results are consistent with findings showing qualitative and quantitative symptom overlap of exhaustion, depression and anxiety.
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