BACKGROUND: Tubular Photobioreactors (PBR) present better productivity using static mixers but they consume large amounts of energy. In this study, a tubular PBR is presented with a new static mixer that produces swirl mixing, inducing light-dark (LD) cycles, and adequate uptake of nutrients in the culture. This study was focused on diminishing the pumping energy required for culture transport while improving productivity by the development of LD cycles in microalgae culture. RESULTS: Three types of tubular PBRs with mixers that induce swirl flow were simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Pumping energy and mixing degree were estimated. Mixing conditions and swirl flow were calculated through the swirl number. Evaluation of the illumination periodic behavior induced by the proposed new configuration in the frequency domain, using the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), revealed a distinctive correlation between main frequencies and average flow velocity. Energy consumption results showed that the proposed mixer consumes the least energy in comparison with others proposed previously in the literature; moreover, the proposed mixer also is simpler than traditional types. Thus, there are cost benefits in using this static mixer in tubular PBR mixing.
El desarrollo del Páncreas Artificial, el cual consiste en la implementación de una bomba de infusión continua de insulina y de sensores para el monitoreo de glucosa en la sangre, es una prioridad para el tratamiento de personas con diabetes tipo 1. Para lograr la automatización completa de este proceso se han propuesto varias estrategias de control con el objetivo de mantener los niveles de glucosa en la sangre en el rango de normoglucemia. Entre las estrategias desarrolladas se destacan las basadas en control adaptable, para contrarrestar el efecto de las variaciones fisiológicas inherentes al paciente. Sin embargo, estas estrategias requieren la medición completa del estado, lo cual no es una tarea fácil debido al costo de los sensores y a la dificultad inherente en la medición directa de variables fisiológicas. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo se usa una estrategia de control adaptable con estabilidad garantizada para un modelo de control de insulina y se diseña un observador de estado no lineal por modos deslizantes, con el fin de estimar las variables de estado que requiere el controlador. Con el sistema completo control-observador se logran resultados satisfactorios al compensar la ingesta de alimentos y los errores entre los parámetros del modelo y del sujeto.
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