<p><strong>Background:</strong> the agricultural production system, its operation, monitoring and execution, requires formulating new evaluation schemes. Integrating the vast majority of social, cultural, ecological, economic, geopolitical characteristics and factors related to the technology applied in production systems. Through the use of associated indicators in each of its dimensions and attributes, to analyze its sustainability. The <strong>objective:</strong> This research is the evaluation of the sustainability of the production systems of family farming in the Penipe canton. That demands the selection, transformation and aggregation of economic, environmental, geopolitical, cultural and social indicators, which allow determining trends of the system, using a systemic, participatory, interdisciplinary and flexible approach called the MESMIS framework. <strong>Methodology:</strong> MESMIS was applied to nine representative farms of diversified, specialized and subsistence family farming production system. By determining the critical points, the indicators were applied once standardized and weighted. <strong>Results:</strong> Specialized family farming production system is sustainable with a score of (1.56), diversified family farming is moderately sustainable with a score of (1.32) and subsistence family farming, with a value of (0.77) is considered an unsustainable system within the locality. <strong>Implications:</strong> It was found that there are some aspects that limit the farms to be considered as sustainable systems, identifying the attributes to improve.<strong> </strong>In order to improve subsistence family farming, it is necessary to work on the following parameters:<strong> </strong>productivity, stability, resilience, reliability, adaptability, equity and self-management; diversified family farming expresses the following attributes to improve: productivity, stability, resilience, reliability, equity and self-management and specialized family farming has to improve in: Productivity, resilience, stability, equity. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> This evaluation responds to a cyclical process that, by effectively integrating the evaluation in the decision-making process, improves the probability of success in the design of alternatives to improve the productive systems in the Penipe canton.</p>

SUELOS CARACTERIZACIÓN E IMPORTANCIA El libro consta de siete partes distribuidos en los siguientes contenidos: - El primer capítulo abarca las GENERALIDADES, integradas por la definición, perfil y estructura del suelo, tipos de suelo, textura de suelo, pH, clasificación, características, composición y fases del suelo. - El segundo capítulo contiene las PROPIEDADES DEL SUELO, con los temas de nomenclatura de horizontes, horizontes diagnósticos, así como sus propiedades específicas de los suelos - El tercer capítulo contiene los MINERALES Y EVOLUCIÓN DEL SUELO, con los temas de alteración de los minerales, ciclos de los minerales, migraciones, evolución y procesos genéticos generales del suelo. - El cuarto capítulo abarca el AGUA EN EL SUELO, con los temas de fuerzas de retención y propiedades químicas del agua - El quinto capítulo trata de los ORGANISMOS Y MATERIA ORGÁNICA EN EL SUELO, con los temas de materia orgánica y organismos del suelo. - El sexto capítulo describe los FERTILIZANTES, integrando a los fertilizantes químicos y orgánicos. - El séptimo capítulo describe el MANEJO Y CONSERVACIÓN DEL SUELO, con temáticas de principios, prácticas de la conservación del suelo, el agotamiento de los suelos y el compostaje y proceso de compost.

Esta investigación parte de una fundamentación teórica sobre los escenarios de la educación superior a nivel mundial antes, durante y las proyecciones del futuro de la educación con respecto a la pandemia. Así también se realiza investigación cuantitativa – descriptiva realizada a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario a docentes, investigadores y directivos de diferentes Instituciones de Educación Superior del país y del extranjero. El instrumento se estructuro en tres componentes: 1) Situación del proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje antes de la pandemia de la COVID–19; 2) Situación del proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje durante la pandemia de la COVID–19; y 3) Futuro del proceso de enseñanza -aprendizaje postpandemia. La descripción resultados se hace luego del tratamiento teórico – conceptual y práxico; y se lo hace al final de cada capítulo que contiene el texto. Toda esta información nos llevó a la conclusión que el COVID 19 es un factor disruptivo temporal muy importante dentro del proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de la educación superior.

This paper focuses on studying the demand for the implementation of a company that deals with the processing and marketing of fresh products “home delivery” in Riobamba. Through a general diagnosis, it was determined that the demand considers that the acquisition of products is a waste of time. It could be devoted to other priorities or productive activities, such that they can be an alternative. The universe comprising of 24086 families was considered, being the economic level of medium to high and delimiting technical recommendations for the attention of 4% of the population. The potential clients, therefore, are 963 families. The sample was determined for 275 surveys and served to demonstrate the behavior of consumers. Based on secondary information and quantitative research, surveys were designed, applied, and systematized. As a result, 88% of people cook at home while 44% of mother takes charge of buying the products. The frequency of product acquisition is 44% weekly and 25% biweekly. 35% buy its products in the establishments of its preference due to good service, 30% acquires its products by variety, 91% express that they would pay for this service an additional 10% of the total cost of the basket. The purpose of this study was to verify the characteristics of the consumer and expose the alternative of acquiring quality fresh products and fair prices for Riobamba families. It also aims to offer at the same time the added worth of home delivery.

The purpose of this research is to develop a feasibility study for the implementation of an equine therapy center, Morona canton, Morona Santiago province, through the technical and market study it was possible to determine that there is a large unsatisfied demand due to the fact that the city Macas does not have a rehabilitation center that provides these services, also determining through the economic study that an investment of 44 415 USD is required, the same that will be established through a bank loan in a (66.7%) , the value of the annual income is 94 080 USD with an increase of 2% each year, the expenses are reflected in the production costs, administrative, financial, marketing and advertising expenses, having a Net Present Value of 67 592.3 USD, the internal rate of return of 37%, the benefit-cost ratio is 1.52, for which an additional 0.52 cents will be recovered, which gives the project viability, raised another of strategies that will guarantee the start-up and permanence of the equine therapy center in the locality.