Uno de los problemas ambientales más grandes que ha afectado al planeta es el calentamiento global, por las altas concentraciones de carbono (CO2), esto ha llevado a que cultivos como el café se vean afectados por el cambio climático causado por los gases efecto invernadero (GEI), especialmente por el incremento en la incidencia de plagas y enfermedades. Sin embargo, a través de captura de carbono se contribuye con la mitigación de emisión de GEI. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el carbono almacenado en la biomasa aérea y bajo el suelo en cuatro sistemas productivos de café castillo de seis años de edad. En un ensayo establecido bajo diseño de bloques completos al Azar (DBCA) con los tratamientos Café a libre exposición (T1), Café-Limón (T2), Café-Guamo (T3) y Café-Carbonero (T4), en tres altitudes: menor a los 1550 msnm, entre los 1550 y 2000 msnm y sobre los 2000 msnm. Se recolectaron datos correspondientes a los diámetros de tallo de plántulas de café y árboles de sombrío con los cuales se aplicaron ecuaciones alométricas para obtener las variables carbono en la biomasa aérea y en raíz y las variables carbono en hojarasca y suelo obtenidos a partir de su materia seca. Se obtuvo diferencias altamente significativas en los cuatro tratamientos evaluados, siendo T4 el que mayor concentración de carbono obtuvo tanto en la biomasa del suelo con 100,14 t ha-1 como en la biomasa aérea con 190,42 t ha-1.
One of the biggest environmental problems that has affected the planet is global warming, due to high concentrations of carbon (CO2), which has led to crops such as coffee being affected by climate change caused by greenhouse gases (GHG), especially by the increase in the incidence of pests and diseases. However, carbon sequestration contributes to the mitigation of GHG emissions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the carbon stored in above and below ground biomass in four six-year-old castle coffee production systems. In a trial established under a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with the treatments Coffee at free exposure (T1), Coffee-Lemon (T2), Coffee-Guamo (T3) and Coffee-Carbonero (T4), at three altitudes: below 1,550 masl, between 1,550 and 2,000 masl and above 2,000 masl. Data were collected corresponding to the stem diameters of coffee seedlings and shade trees with which allometric equations were applied to obtain the carbon variables in the aerial biomass and root and the carbon variables in leaf litter and soil obtained from their dry matter. Highly significant differences were obtained in the four treatments evaluated, with T4 being the one that obtained the highest carbon concentration both in soil biomass with 100.14 t ha-1 and in aerial biomass with 190.42 t ha-1.
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