In this paper it is presented a simulation analysis of electric fields generated by lightning channels with tortuosity. The tortuosity of the channel is reproduced by means of a numerical algorithm that takes into account statistical characterizations made by different authors observing real lightning channels, so the macroscale tortuosity of the simulated channel is similar to the one recorded in nature. Later it is used an analytic model which allows the calculation of the electromagnetic fields generated by lightning channels with tortuous geometries, once the geometry is known. The electromagnetic fields are calculated assuming a Heaviside step function as the current traveling along the channel. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology for the calculation of electromagnetic fields, considering a more realistic geometry for the lightning channel than that of a straight and vertical one, and to analyze some characteristics of the generated fields in terms of wave peak value and wave-form for different points around the lightning channel. This methodology is pretended to be used in a future work in order to determine the effect of the lightning channel tortuosity on the location accuracy of lightning locating systems.
El Síndrome Mielodisplásico (SMD) es un grupo de neoplasias hematológicas cuyo diagnóstico se basa en la presencia de citopenia inexplicada, displasia de alguna de las líneas mieloides y anormalidades citogenéticas típicas. Los estudios moleculares han permitido avanzar en el estudio de la fisiopatología y se han incorporado también al abordaje diagnóstico, permitiendo la clasificación en subtipos específicos, así como la predicción de respuesta a terapias específicas y el pronóstico. A pesar de esto, el diagnóstico aún recae en una adecuada historia clínica, en el análisis morfológico, en la exclusión de otras entidades que cursan con displasia y en los estudios de citogenética. La citometría de flujo no hace parte de los criterios diagnósticos, pero puede ser de utilidad en casos dudosos. El pronóstico es variable en función del subtipo pero, en general, es pobre y además del IPSS-R, se han identificado otras variables que inciden en el pronóstico, sobre todo en los casos asociados a terapia.
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