<span lang="EN-US">Given the recent events worldwide due to viral diseases that affect human health, automatic monitoring systems are one of the strong points of research that has gained strength, where the detection of biohazardous waste of a sanitary nature is highlighted related to viral diseases stands out. It is essential in this field to generate developments aimed at saving lives, where robotic systems can operate as assistants in various fields. In this work an artificial intelligence algorithm based on two stages is presented, one is the recognition of paper debris using a ResNet-50, chosen for its object localization capacity, and the other is a fuzzy inference system for the generation of alarm states due to biological risk by such debris, where fuzzy logic helps to establish a model for a non-predictive system as the one exposed. A biohazard detection algorithm for paper waste is described, oriented to operate on an assistive robot in a residential environment. The training parameters of the network, which achieve 100% accuracy with confidence levels between 82% for very small waste and 100% in direct view, are presented. Timing cycles are established for validation of the exposure time of the waste, where through the fuzzy system, risk alarms are generated, which allows establishing a system with an average reliability of 98%.</span>
El díptero Aedes aegypti es trasmisor de virus causantes de enfermedades como dengue, fiebre amarilla, Zika y chikunguña; para el control de este vector se utilizan pesticidas químicos frente a los cuales los mosquitos han generado resistencia. El control biológico con microorganismos y extractos vegetales es una alternativa de manejo de las poblaciones de insectos vectores efectiva y menos contaminante para el ambiente. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la actividad larvicida de mezclas de Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) y extractos de Annona muricata, Ricinus communis y Sapindus saponaria para el control biológico de larvas de A. aegypti. Para ello se obtuvieron extractos etanólicos de semillas o frutos de las tres especies vegetales y se determinaron las concentraciones letales 50 de los extractos y la bacteria. Posteriormente se realizaron combinaciones de los extractos con Bti y se evaluó el efecto de dichas interacciones. Tanto la bacteria como los extractos vegetales presentaron actividad larvicida. Se encontró que las mezclas de Bti con el extracto etanólico de R. communis y S. saponaria generaron un efecto antagónico, mientras que la combinación con A. muricata presentó una acción independiente. La adición del extracto etanólico de semillas de A. muricata a cultivos esporulados de Bti se podría considerar una alternativa más efectiva para el control biológico de A. aegypti que con cada uno de estos compuestos por separado.
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