Aim:The antimicrobial activity of Passiflora mollissima is largely due to its aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes, alkaloids, ketones, esters, alcohols, and lactones. The objective of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the compounds in the Passiflora mollissima (Tumbo) fruit and leaves included also on cultured strains of the microorganisms Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis and Candida albicans.Materials and methods: Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by the disk diffusion method and evaluated in terms of their zones of inhibition. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds was determined in a bioassay involving sea urchin eggs (Tetrapygusniger) in which the inhibition percentage of artificially fertilized ovules was equivalent to their cytotoxic activity after 26 hours. Results:This study demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of ethanolicPassiflora mollissima extract against the cultured strains of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Streptococcus sanguinis with zones of inhibition after the incubation period. Conclusion:There was no evidence of activity against the pathogenic Candida albicans, which demonstrates a null antifungal capacity of the evaluated extracts. However, cytotoxic activity was found, and the compounds led to the complete inhibition of 100% of sea urchin ovules after 26 hours of exposure. Clinical importance:The results of the study serve as a guide. in the industrial use of this natural resource "tumbo" due to the discovery of a potential medicine based on this plant that would be a great development in the field of antimicrobial therapies.

Tipología: Artículo de investigación científica y tecnológica Para citar este artículo: Gallardo-Vásquez GJ, Chávez-Flores JE, Contreras-Torvisco M. Evaluación del efecto antibacteriano del látex de Jatropha curcas "piñón" frente a Staphylococcus aureus. Duazary. 2019 enero; 16(1): 105-114. Doi: http://dx. RESUMENLa presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto antibacteriano del látex de Jatropha Curcas "Piñón" frente a Staphylococcus aureus. El método de difusión en disco, de Kirby Bauer, fue usado en la investigación; las concentraciones del látex de Jatropha Curcas "Piñón" fueron las siguientes: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% y 100% usando agua destilada como solvente. Se realizó análisis fitoquímico y prueba de solubilidad al látex de la planta en estudio. El látex de Jatropha Curcas "Piñón" fue muy soluble en agua destilada, etanol y metanol; además, según el análisis fitoquímico, el látex presentó flavonoides, taninos, compuestos fenólicos, alcaloides y esteroides. La concentración del látex al 40% presentó el mayor efecto antibacteriano a un nivel de confianza del 95%, y un error relativo del 5%. ABSTRACTThe present research aims to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Jatropha Curcas latex "Piñón" against Staphylococcus aureus. The disc diffusion method of Kirby Bauer was used in the research, the concentrations of Jatropha Curcas "Piñón" latex were as follows: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 100% using distilled water as solvent. Phytochemical analysis

Objective. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity and protective effect of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Senecio rhizomatus Rusby in rat erythrocytes subjected to oxidative stress with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Methodology. This study used an experimental design. The extracts were obtained through maceration with 96° ethanol (SeR96), 70° ethanol (SeR70), 50° ethanol (SeR50) and through infused water (SeRAc). Secondary metabolites were identified through colorimetric reactions and precipitation. In each extract, we could determine the capacity to eliminate 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), the reduction of ferric ion and the total polyphenol content. In addition, the activity on the plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) was evaluated in each extract. The protection against oxidative stress in erythrocytes was evaluated by determining the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, sesquiterpene lactones and sugars were identified in all the extracts. The total polyphenols content showed a correlation with the reduction of ferric ion (r=0.885) and with DPPH radicals elimination (r = -0.899), where the one with the highest antioxidant capacity was SeR50. Thus, the SeR50 (all concentrations) and SeR70 (100 µg/mL concentration) significantly increased the PMRS activity compared to the control group. After inducing oxidative stress in erythrocytes, all the extracts maintained the GSH level and inhibited MDA formation significantly compared to the H 2 O 2 group. Conclusion. The antioxidant capacity of hydroalcoholic extracts (96°, 70°, 50°) and aqueous infusion of Senecio rhizomatus Rusby is related to the content of polyphenols. They increase the plasma membrane redox system activity in rat erythrocytes and protect them from oxidative stress induced with H 2 O 2, showing an increase in the concentration of reduced glutathione and a decrease in malondialdehyde.

The Andean grains from the Peruvian Altiplano, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and kanihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) have high protein content and an optimal balance of essential amino acids and minerals such as iron (19.8 mg/100 g y 17.6 mg/100 g, respectively). The objective of this research was to evaluate the antianemic activity of extruded flour from quinoa seeds variety Negra Collana and kanihua variety Ramis in anemic Holtzman strain rats. The results of the proximal analysis showed high protein content in quinoa at 22% and kanihua at 16.2%, and the acute toxicity test showed harmlessness up to the dose of 15000 mg/Kg in both flours confirmed with the anatomopathological observation of organs such as liver, stomach, lung, kidneys, and brain. In the evaluation of the antianemic activity, a basal average of 29.3 ± 0.2% of hematocrit was observed in the group of anemic rats treated with quinoa flour, and in twelve weeks, it increased to 53.8 ± 0.3% of hematocrit (p ≤ 0.05). A group of anemic rats treated with kanihua flour had a basal average of 29.5 ± 0.3%, and in twelve weeks, it increased to 51.7 ± 0.3% (p ≤ 0.05). A group of rats without anemia treated with quinoa and kanihua flour showed a basal average of 50.2 ± 0.2% and 49.3 ± 0.3%; in twelve weeks, it increased to 55.2 ± 0.2% and 54.8 ± 0.1%, respectively. It was concluded that oral administration of 360 mg/Kg every 24 h of quinoa flour and kanihua flour increased hematocrit levels by 24.5 ± 0.5% and 22.2 ± 0.3%; weight 65.8 ± 0.3 g and 59.2 ± 0.1 g; height 6.8 ± 0.1 cm and 5.7 ± 0.5 cm, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). In rats without anemia increased hematocrit levels by 5.3 ± 0.0% and 5.5 ± 0.0%; weight 37.7 ± 0.1 g and 21.7 ± 0.05 g; height 4 ± 0.0 cm and 3.9 ± 0.0 cm, respectively (p ≤ 0.05).

La presente investigación se realizó con el fin de evaluar la acción tripanocida de los extractos de dos especies de Calceolaria (códigos 17664 y 17665). En ratones de laboratorio, el pico máximo de parasitemia por inoculación intraperitoneal, se consiguió a los 19 y 26 días. Luego, se procedió al análisis in vitro; se utilizó para ello una lámina excavada y el extracto de cada una de las especies de Calceolaria, a concentraciones de 0.05 y 0.01 mg, y gotas de sangre. Se registró que la segunda concentración producía una lisis total de los Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) con la Calceolaria 17665, no así con la Calceolaria 17664, que los destruía en un 50%.