Le maraîchage dans les villes et les localités périurbaines ne sont pas sans conséquence sur la qualité des produits maraîchers qui y sont cultivés. La présente étude vise à évaluer la qualité des produits maraîchers consommés au Bénin afin de mieux appréhender les risques pour la santé humaine. Les métaux lourds (Pb, Cu et Zn) ont été dosés par la spectrophotométrie d’absorption atomique dans le sol et les cultures maraîchères fraîches et cuites. Il ressort de l’étude que le sol des différentes cultures maraîchères est contaminé par les métaux lourds (Pb : 0,028 à 2,235 mg/kg, Cu : 0,037 mg/kg à 0,264 mg/kg, Zn : 0,613 à 3,234 mg/kg) ainsi que le compost utilisé pour son amendement (Pb : 0,224 mg/kg, Cu : 0,419 mg/kg et Zn : 1,717 mg/kg). Les cultures maraîchères analysées sont aussi contaminés par les métaux lourds (Pb : 0,009 à 4,124 mg/kg, Cu : 0,073 mg/kg à 2,146 mg/kg, Zn : 0,573 à 14,12 mg/kg) avec des facteurs de bioconcentration allant à plus de 4 pour le Brassica oleracea et 8 pour le Vernonia amygdalina qui sont les plus contaminés. Toutefois, la cuisson a entraîné une réduction considérable des teneurs en métaux lourds, ce qui réduit le risque sanitaire pour le consommateur. Une vigilance de la population et une variation de l’alimentation sont alors importantes pour garantir une meilleure santé. Il est prévu de continuer les travaux de recherche sur d’autres spéculations maraîchères et polluants chimiques.Mots clés: Éléments métalliques, spéculations maraîchères, influence modes de cuisson. English Title: Determination of heavy metals in soil and vegetable products in BeninMarket gardening in towns and peri-urban localities is not without consequence on the quality of the market garden products which are cultivated there. This study aims to evaluate the quality of market garden produce consumed in Benin in order to better understand the risks to human health. Heavy metals (Pb, Cu and Zn) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in soil and fresh and cooked vegetable crops. The study showed that the soil of the various vegetable crops is contaminated by heavy metals (Pb: 0.028 to 2.235 mg/kg, Cu: 0.037 mg/kg to 0.264 mg/kg, Zn: 0.613 to 3.234 mg/kg) and the compost used for its amendment too (Pb: 0.224 mg/kg, Cu: 0.419 mg/kg and Zn: 1.717 mg/kg). The vegetable crops analyzed are also contaminated by heavy metals (Pb: 0.009 to 4.124 mg/kg, Cu: 0.073 mg/kg to 2.146 mg/kg, Zn: 0.573 to 14.12 mg/kg) with bioconcentration factors ranging from more than 4 for Brassica oleracea and 8 for Vernonia amygdalina which are the most contaminated. However, cooking has resulted in a significant reduction in heavy metal contents, which reduces the health risk for the consumer. A vigilance of the population and a variation of the food are then important to guarantee a better health. It is planned to continue research on other vegetable crops and chemical pollutantsKeywords: Metallic elements, vegetables crops, cooking methods influence.
Marine space is constantly threatened by various sources of pollution that may reduce its economic potential and have negative repercussions on human health. This study aims to assess heavy metals contamination of eight fish species and their impact on human health. Heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, copper and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in fresh, cooked and fried fish. The results found in fresh fish (cadmium: 0.002 to 0.005 mg / kg, lead: 0 to 0.031 mg / kg, copper: 0.0045 to 0.305 mg / kg, zinc: 0.1245 to 0.6195 mg / kg), in cooked fish (cadmium: 0.0035 to 0.005 mg / kg, lead: 0 to 0.01 mg / kg, copper: 0 to 0.021 mg / kg, zinc: 0.171 to 0.327 mg / kg) and in fried fish (cadmium: 0.004 mg / kg, lead: 0 to 0.007 mg / kg, copper: 0 to 0.016 mg / kg, zinc: 0.0875 to 0.5065 mg / kg) showed that heavy metal levels are all below the standard values accepted by FAO / WHO. The consumption of these fish could therefore have no negative effect on the population’s health. Both types of cooking have both positive and negative effects on the heavy metal reduction in fish species. Although the concentrations of heavy metals are not worrying, the vigilance of the populations and a variation of the diet are important to guarantee a better health.Keywords: Heavy metals, health impact, Atlantic see fish, Cotonou.
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