Tanulmányomban a magyarországi előítélet-kutatások normativitását követem végig néhány tudományos szövegen. Az előítéleteket kutató szociológusok az előítéleteket általában normatívan ítélik meg, és negatív, megszüntetendő, a hátrányos megkülönböztetéshez vezető jelenségként definiálják. A szocialista időszakban a romákkal kapcsolatos előítélet-kutatások az előítéletet általában elmaradott attitűdként taglalják, amelynek az ideális szocialista embertípus esetében nincs keresnivalója. Az előítéleteket a nacionalizmust megelőző, veszélyes fázisként tárgyalják. A felvilágosodásra, a racionalitásra és ezzel egyidejűleg egy egyetemes emberi normativitásra való utalás is hangsúlyos az előítéletekről szóló szociológiai szövegekben. A rendszerváltozás számos kutatási beszámolóban megjelenik mint magyarázata annak, hogy miért vált különösen fontossá az előítélet témája az 1990-esévekre. A kutatók állítják, hogy e rejtett attitűdök 1989 után nyíltabbak lettek, és a társadalmi csoportok közötti konfliktusok, érdekellentétek erősödtek. A diszkriminációnak, az előítéletek megszüntetésének igénye töretlen marad a kutatói szövegekben. Az igaz és a hasznos tudás termelése az elemzett alterületen egyaránt tudományos tőkeként mutatkozik.

Discussions about social science digital archives have tended to address methodological, technological, ethical and legal issues such as what digital tools to use; what metadata to collect; how to curate numerical or interview data; and how to make archived materials available in ethical and legal ways. These discussions take place on the assumption that these archival practices are ontologically independent from archival materials. Following Derrida (1995), we want to explore the relationship between archival practices and archival documents on the assumption that 'archivization produces as much as it records the event' (Derrida 1995:17). On this approach, archival practices are understood as non-innocent, culturally and historically-specific practices that, in the act of 'preservation', help make specific 'memories' at the expense of others (Barad 2007, Derrida 1995, Foucault 1972. In this paper we take up this issue in relation to the curation of social science quantitative research data. We conceptualise data curation practices in broad terms as including specific practices-e.g. cleaning up of datasets; data anonymisation; streamlining interviews; data storing, categorising and visualisation; data search tools; etc.-as well as a wider range of knowledge, ethical, legal, political and economic practices these practices are entangled with-e.g. field-and discipline-specific knowledge-making practices; national/international data management and curation policies, practices and guidelines; ethical guidelines provided by professional bodies; countryspecific data protection, copyright, and information sharing legislation; etc. For the purposes of this paper we focus on three specific data curation practices-data cleaning, data anonymisation and metadata preparation-and investigate the ontological processes through which these practices help constitute the survey data they ostensibly archive.

The aim of this article is to present and study how a digital archive can shape and create new ways of producing, publishing, and studying historical sources. Based on our analysis of the COURAGE (Cultural Opposition—Understanding the CultuRal HeritAGE of Dissent in the Former Socialist Countries) Registry about cultural dissent under state socialism in Eastern Europe in the second half of the twentieth century (and focusing on collections about environmental issues in this registry), we seek to understand how different private, amateur, and professional archivists have shaped the scientific and public legacy of cultural dissent under state socialism. The COURAGE Registry conveys a unique view of the history of the Soviet Bloc, providing an assemblage of documents concerning people, groups, institutions, events, and pieces from the time. Together, they tell an alternative story of cultural opposition under socialism, shedding light on important—but until now marginalized—problems, topics, and actors. Our results have shown that cultural opposition in the Registry is understood and constructed as a wide range of forms of engagement and activities, and it is not limited to specific high-cultural or direct political products. The structure of the COURAGE Registry creates a balance among collections that are very diverse in form, and its linked data structure helps connect the information and stories compiled in it. The COURAGE Registry enables researchers to use it as a tool with which to build their own scientific narratives about dissent under socialism.

The text contains information about The Voices of the 20th Century Archive and Research Group, a department created in 2009 in the Institute of Sociology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The archive is a collection of data from historical—and sometimes forgotten—qualitative research. The Group attempts to complete the information and protect it from destruction. For example, in regard to research into labourers’ life styles in the 1970s, the author shows how difficult it is after years to create a cohesive whole from the scattered materials. She likens the task to putting together a puzzle. She points to the possible advantages of reusing the material, as well as the limitations a contemporary researcher encounters in attempting to make sense of it.

Integrált könyvtári rendszerek tranzakciós rekordjainak vizsgálata, a könyvtári állomány digitalizálásának tervezésekor .