This study examined whether or not patients (n =57) of specialists in diabetes differed from patients (n=211) ofnonspecialists in terms of their knowledge about diabetes before and after a standardized patient education program in diabetes. A specialist was defined as a physician whose practice consisted of 50 % or more diabetic patients. Patient knowledge about diabetes was measured with a 50-item ques tionnaire consisting of seven subscores and a total score. Prior to the program, the two groups did not differ on five of the subscores nor on the total score. There were statistically significant differences on two of the subscores on the pretest: Methods of Control and Pattern Control, with the specialist group scoring better than the nonspecialist group. No differences on any of the scores were found at the end of the program, nor were there differ ences in the amount of knowledge gained during the program. Several interpretations of these findings are suggested and the implications for patient and physician education and the need for further research are discussed.