Chiral monomers (cis,endo-3-dimethylamino-2-bornyl methacrylate (DABM) and N,N-dimethyl[cis,endo-2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)-3-bornyl]amine (DVEBA)) were synthesized from (+)-camphor. The free radical homopolymerization of both DABM and DVEBA, and the copolymerization of both chiral monomers with achiral methyl methacrylate and styrene, resp., were carried out in various organic solvents. Effects of temperature, solvents, and reaction time on the polymerizations were studied.Dependences of the specific rotation of the chiral copolymers on the feed concentration and reaction conditions were investigated. Application of the chiral polymers on the asymmetric induction were also investigated. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Die chiralen Monomeren cis,endo-3-Dimethylamino-2-bornylmethacrylat (DABM) und N,N-Dimethyl-[cis,endo-2-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)-3-bornyl]amin (DVEBA) wurdenaus (+)-Campher synthetisiert. Die radikalische Homopolymerisation von DABM bzw. DVEBA sowie deren Copolymerisation mit achiralem Methylmethacrylat oder Styrol wurde in verschiedenen organischen Liisungsmitteln durchgefuhrt. Der Einflua der Temperatur, des Liisungsmittels und der Reaktionszeit auf die Polymerisation wurde ermittelt, ebenso die Abhangigkeit der spezifischen Drehung von der Monomerzusammensetzung und den Reaktionsbedingungen. Ferner wurde die Eignung der chiralen Polymeren zur asymmetrischen Induktion untersucht.

SynopsisA study of the immobilization of glucose oxidase into poly(viny1 alcohol) membrane in the presence of UV light sensitive diazoresin and benzoic acid and/or sodium benzoate sensitizers was carried out. An effective enzyme electrode by using the immobilized glucose oxidase membrane was developed. The effect of the concentration of diazoresin and sensitizers in poly(viny1 alcohol), UV light irradiation on the degree of insolubility as well as the activity yield of the membrane were examined for the immobilized glucose oxidase using glucose as a substrate. An unstable phenomenon was found in the initial usage of the immobilized glucose oxidase membrane prepared from poly (vinyl alcohol) -sensitizer system. Activity yields of 39.98 and 35.30 for poly(viny1 alcohol) -diazoresin and poly (vinyl alcohol) -sensitizer system were obtained, respectively.

SYNOPSISOptically active 2-endo-actoxy-5-endo-bornyl methacrylate ( ABMA) was prepared from (+) -camphor. The homopolymerization of ABMA and copolymerization of ABMA with achiral methyl methacrylate (MMA) or styrene (St) were carried out with 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in benzene. Effects of temperature, solvents, and reaction time on the copolymerization were discussed. The monomer reactivity ratios ( rl, r z ) for poly (ABMAco-MMA) and poly(ABMA-co-St) and Q and e values for the chiral ABMA in the copolymerization systems were evaluated by the Fineman-Ross method. The absolute value of the specific rotation of poly ( ABMA-co-MMA) increased with increasing ABMA unit content. A small deviation from linearity was observed, which suggests that asymmetry is not introduced into the copolymer main chain. Temperature and solvent effects on the specific rotation of the chiral homopolymer and copolymers were investigated. The results suggest that the chiral polymers synthesized in this investigation did not show a strong preference for a particular helical conformation. Applications of the chiral polymers on the asymmetric addition of n -butyllithium to aldehydes were also discussed.

Water soluble aromatic diazonium double salts, p-diazodiphenylamine chloride zinc chloride (DZS-1) and p-diazoanisol chloride zinc chloride @ZS-2), have been evaluated as photobleachable dyes for contrast enhancement lithography. After testing the bleaching characteristics, aqueous solutions of DZS-1 and poly(viny1 alcohol) were used as a contrast enhancement material. Thermal stability, resist contrast, exposure parameters and other bleaching characteristics of the photobleachable membranes were investigated. A commercial i-line photoresist was used to evaluate the contrast ratio of the DZS-1/PVA CEL layer. The contrast ratio obtained in this investigation is 1.67. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Die wasserldslichen aromatischen Diazonium-Doppelsalze p-Diazodiphenylaminchlorid/Zinkchlorid (DZS-1) und p-Diazoanisolchlorid/Zinkchlorid (DZS-2) wurden auf ihre Verwendbarkeit als photobleichbare Farbstoffe in der Kontrastverstarkungslithographie untersucht. Nach Untersuchung der Bleicheigenschaften der hergestellten Salze wurde DZS-1 in wanrigen Ldsungen mit Poly(vinylalkoho1) als Kontrastverstarkungssystem eingesetzt. Die thermische Stabilitat, der Resistkontrast, die Bestrahlungsparameter und andere Bleicheigenschaften wurden untersucht . Im Vergleich zu einem handelsublichen i-Linien-Photoresist betragt das Kontrastverhaltnis der DZS-l/PVA CEL-Schicht 1.67.CCC 0003-3146/95/%07.00

4‐Butyl‐N‐(4‐methoxybenzylidene)aniline (MBBA) and 4‐butyl‐N‐(4‐ethoxybenzylidene)aniline (EBBA) liquid crystals were synthesized. To investigate the applications of hydrophilic monomers and polymers on the field of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylic acid (Aa) were selected as monomers for the polymer matrix. To prepare the PDLC films, MBBA, EBBA, and commercial liquid crystals ZLI‐2444, 2452, 2459 and BDH‐E7 were mixed with HEMA, Aa and photosensitive materials and then irradiated by UV light. The electrooptical behavior and the microstructure of the PDLC films were investigated by He‐Ne laser and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The effects of UV‐light irradiation and monomer ratio on the electrooptical behavior of PDLC films, and the reproducibility and storage stability of the PDLC films were investigated.