We present a unique, extensive, and open synaptic physiology analysis platform and dataset. Through its application, we reveal principles that relate cell type to synaptic properties and intralaminar circuit organization in the mouse and human cortex. The dynamics of excitatory synapses align with the postsynaptic cell subclass, whereas inhibitory synapse dynamics partly align with presynaptic cell subclass but with considerable overlap. Synaptic properties are heterogeneous in most subclass-to-subclass connections. The two main axes of heterogeneity are strength and variability. Cell subclasses divide along the variability axis, whereas the strength axis accounts for substantial heterogeneity within the subclass. In the human cortex, excitatory-to-excitatory synaptic dynamics are distinct from those in the mouse cortex and vary with depth across layers 2 and 3.
Objective: To evaluate and compare the levels of quality of life of parents/caregivers
of children with and without diagnosis of asthma.Methods: Parents of children with asthma (asthma group) undergoing outpatient care
and parents of children without asthma or asthma in remission (control
group) were selected from public schools. They answered a questionnaire
about quality of life (The World Health Organization Quality of Life-
WHOQOL-BREF), previously validated for the study population. Domains
(physical, psychological, social relations, environment and total score)
were compared between groups, as well as the levels of correlation of
self-perceived quality of life and satisfaction with health.Results: 101 parents/caregivers were included in the sample, that is, 50 (49.5%)
parents of asthmatic children and 51 (50.5%) in the control group. Most
parents included in the sample were females (n=89; 88.1%), with mean age of
33.5±10.4 years. When assessing quality of life, the overall score of
domains was considered satisfactory, both in general evaluation (68.6±13.4)
and in each group (asthma: 62.8±10.7; control: 74.3±13.4; p-value<0.001).
Comparison of asthma and control groups showed significant differences in
total score and in scores of all domains (p<0.001).Conclusions: Parents/caregiversof children with asthma have a lower quality of life
compared to parents/caregivers of healthy children.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of pediatric asthma treatment by nebulizer and
metered-dose inhaler with the use of a spacer (MDI-spacer) in rescue
techniques for asthmatic patients assisted at pediatric emergency units.Data sources: A systematic review was conducted to identify the most relevant randomized
controlled trials comparing the administration of a bronchodilator (β-2
agonist) by two inhalation techniques (nebulization and MDI-spacer) to treat
asthma in children at pediatric emergency units. The following databases
were searched: PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and
ScienceDirect. Two researchers independently applied the eligibility
criteria, and only randomized controlled trials that compared both
inhalation techniques (nebulization and MDI-spacer) for asthma treatment at
pediatric emergency units were included.Data synthesis: 212 articles were pre-selected, of which only nine met the eligibility
criteria and were included in meta-analysis. Results show no differences
between inhalation techniques for any of the four outcomes analyzed: heart
rate (difference - Df: 1.99 [95% confidence interval - 95%CI -2.01-6.00]);
respiratory rate (Df: 0.11 [95%CI -1.35-1.56]); O2 saturation
(Df: -0.01 [95%CI -0.50-0.48]); and asthma score (Df: 0.06 [95%CI
-0,26-0.38]). Conclusions: The findings demonstrate no differences in cardiorespiratory frequency,
O2 saturation, and asthma scores upon administration of β-2
agonist by both inhalation techniques (nebulization and MDI-spacer) to
asthmatic patients assisted at pediatric emergency units.
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