Apresentar os efeitos e protocolos da Estimulação Elétrica Nervosa Transcutânea (TENS) na dor oncológica de pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura, com levantamento bibliográfico realizado nos meses de Maio e Junho de 2022. A amostra da presente revisão foi constituída de quatro estudos, sendo um encontrado na base de dados Scopus, dois na PubMed e um na Embase. Os estudos incluídos apresentaram a TENS como um recurso fisioterapêutico para o alívio da dor, seguro, não invasivo e de baixo custo, o qual apresentou poucos efeitos adversos e possibilitou redução do uso de medicações analgésicas. Houve variação em seus protocolos de aplicação e tempo de terapia.  Destaca-se a escassez de estudos encontrados sobre o tema, cenário que reflete a necessidade de pesquisas que enfoquem o alívio da dor, o cuidado e atenção ao paciente oncológico em cuidados paliativos.

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Introduction: Preoperative inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can minimize the occurrence of complications after esophagectomy. Objective: To evaluate the effects of preoperative IMT in patients undergoing esophageal surgery by determining respiratory muscle strength (PImax and PEmax), pulmonary function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC) and functional capacity by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Methods: Twenty-two patients were randomized into two groups: a control group (CG; n = 10) and an intervention group (IG; n = 12). Only IG performed IMT for a minimum period of 2 weeks. The assessments were conducted pre- and post-surgery. Results: An increase of PImax was observed in IG, but not in CG, in the second preoperative assessment (p = 0.014). Assessment on postoperative day 1 showed a reduction in maximal respiratory pressures in the two groups, but the reduction was more marked in IG (p < 0.05). Partial recovery of the variables evaluated was observed at discharge in the two groups. These variables had fully returned to initial values on postoperative day 30. The distance walked in the 6MWT was greater in IG, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.166). There was no difference in the frequency of pulmonary complications between groups. Conclusion: Preoperative IMT performed in our study improved inspiratory muscle strength but did not influence the postoperative pulmonary function or functional capacity of patients undergoing esophagectomy.