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The use of social media expands the availability and sources of career information. However, the authorship of this information has changed from traditional print media and multimedia sources created by experts to social media–based career information created by the users themselves. Although variability in career information validity has been an issue for some time, rapid growth in the use of social media creates some unique challenges. The ease with which social media–based career information can spread creates the potential for rapid widespread dissemination of disinformation and biased perceptions. Potential sources of invalidity include intentional bias (with or without profit motive), unintentional bias, restricted range of experience, out‐of‐date information, popularity bias, similarity bias, and context deficiency. The authors examine potential sources of social media–based career information invalidity and suggest implications for practice to help individuals make the best use of such information.

A lack of empirical research on career decision-making experience of doctoral students prevents them from developing relevant career competencies to achieve desired career goals. Understanding career experiences and diverse career needs of doctoral students is crucial to better prepare them for varied career paths inside and outside academia. Grounded in social cognitive career theory’s career self-management model, we investigated the association of the personal and contextual factors of doctoral students with their career decision making. To gain a comprehensive understanding of career choices of doctoral students, comparisons are made between academic and beyond academic career groups. Data were collected from 313 doctoral candidates from a research-oriented public university located in the U.S. Midwest. The results of logistic regression analysis show significant associations between career support, marital status, and major and career choice of doctoral students. Implications for graduate education to support doctoral students for diverse career paths are discussed.

This article reports on a phenomenographic investigation into practitioners' conceptions of ethical practice in social networking in career services. The results show that ethical practice was conceived as stemming from: (1) an information orientation, (2) a networking orientation, (3) an educational orientation, and (4) a collaborative orientation. Differences appeared along six dimensions including: approach, activities, level of usage, perception, strategy and ethical principles. The findings give us a more profound understanding of critical aspects that may have an important role in relation to further developments and the successful implementation of existing and emerging technologies in the career service sector. Keywords Career services • Ethics • Phenomenography Résumé Les Conceptions de Pratique Éthique de Réseautage Social chez les Praticiens des Services d'Orientation Professionnelle Cet article est une étude phénoménologique des conceptions de pratique éthique de réseautage social chez les praticiens des services d'orientation professionnelle. Les résultats indiquent que la pratique éthique a été conçue comme provenant de : 1) une orientation à l'information, 2) une orientation au réseautage, 3) une orientation à l'éducation, et 4) une orientation à la collaboration. Des différences sont apparues sur six dimensions : l'approche, les activités, le niveau d'utilisation, la perception, la stratégie, et les principes éthiques. Les résultats nous donnent une compréhension plus profonde des aspects critiques qui pourraient jouer un rôle important dans le développement futur et l'implémentation réussie des technologies existantes et émergeantes dans le secteur de l'orientation professionnelle. Zusammenfassung Vorstellungen von Praktikerinnen und Praktikern von ethischer Praxis des sozialen Netzwerkens im Rahmen von Angeboten der Berufs-, Studien-und Laufbahnberatung Dieser Artikel berichtet über eine phänomenographische Unter-Extended author information available on the last page of the article Resumen Conceptos de práctica ética en las redes sociales de los profesionales de los servicios de orientación Este artículo nos informa sobre una investigación fenomenográfica sobre los conceptos de práctica ética en las redes socials de los profesionales de los servicios de orientación. Los resultados muestran que la práctica ética fue concebida como derivada de: (1) una orientación informativa, (2) una orientación en red, (3) Una orientación educativa, y (4) una orientación colaborativa. Aparecían diferencias a lo largo de seis dimensiones incluyendo: enfoques, actividades, nivel de uso, percepción, estrategia y principios éticos. Los resultados de la investigación nos dan un profundo conocimiento de los aspectos críticos que pueden tener un importante papel para promover desarrollos y aplicaciones que tengan éxito en las tecnologias existents y emergentes en el sector de los servicios de orientación.

Social media websites contain information that can be used to assess career outcomes. Yet, questions remain about the quality of this data source. This study examined social media data collected from a large sample of recent college graduates (N = 3,094), considering how well those data represented the broader population of graduates and to what extent social media data matched survey responses on 5 employment variables. Results indicated that indiscriminately using social media data can lead to biased inferences about career outcomes. Specifically, social media data matched survey data in just 67% to 76% of comparisons. Despite these limitations, findings also revealed strategies to improve agreement between data sources, leading to more trustworthy inferences about career outcomes from social media. Results indicate a need to heighten practitioner awareness of data quality issues related to career outcomes data sources. A framework for examining data quality is offered, with suggested directions for future research.