Objetivo: Abordar los síntomas neurológicos desde la perspectiva de los cuidados paliativos a través de la revisión de literatura científica disponible teniendo en cuenta los componentes teóricos del Modelo Revisado del Manejo de Síntomas de Marylin J. Dodd. Metodología: Siguiendo los pasos propuestos por la declaración Prisma, se realizó revisión sistemática de las publicaciones realizadas entre el año 2002 y 2017 de artículos relacionados que abordaban los síntomas neurológicos desde la perspectiva del cuidado paliativo aplicando los componentes del Modelo Revisado del Manejo de Síntomas de Marylin J. Dodd, los cuales incluyen la experiencia del síntoma, los componentes de las estrategias para el manejo de síntomas y el resultado en términos del estado y el impacto del síntoma. Resultados: De los 60 articulos identificados inicalmente, 50 cumplieron con los criterios de selección y se clasificaron según las categorias de la Teoría Manejo de síntomas. Conclusiones: El aporte multidisciplinario optimiza el control de síntomas y la calidad de vida, pero son las enfermeras las responsables de detectar las respuestas humanas y distinguir entre el dolor y la agitación, equilibrar los riesgos de sub y sobremedicación y la posibilidad de acelerar la muerte. Se necesitan enfoques innovadores para alinear los comportamientos profesionales de la salud con el mejor cuidado donde se incluya una atención integral que mejore significativamente la atención al paciente.

Background: Infections are common in patients with advanced illnesses for whom the intravenous or oral route is not possible. The subcutaneous administration of antibiotics is a promising alternative, but there is not enough theoretical support for its use. This study aims to explore the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneous antibiotic therapy in the context of palliative care in elderly patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Embase, without time or language limits. Seven articles were selected on the effectiveness of subcutaneous antibiotic therapy in adult patients with chronic progressive diseases. The quality of the articles was assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and relevant data was extracted using a selection capture file. Results: Seven quasi-experimental studies evaluated 865 elderly patients with advanced diseases, comorbidities, and infections (ie, urinary tract, respiratory system, and bone joint) who received subcutaneous antibiotic therapy (ie, Ceftriaxone, Ertapenem, and Teicoplanin). The pooled success rate of subcutaneous antibiotics for the 7 studies was 71%, the therapy failure rate was 22%, its withdrawal mean was 8%, and the mean mortality rate was 7%. The studies were of low quality and were heterogeneous in the types of infections, types of antibiotics, time of follow-up, and outcomes assessed. Conclusions: Pilot studies have found a limited number of antibiotics that can be safely used to treat specific infections. Nevertheless, the data isn´t robust enough to recommend their use.

Objective: To perform content validation of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© instrument to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents from 8 to 17 years of age with cancer. Methods. Psychometric study, which used the Lawshe model, modified by Tristan, to perform content validity of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© instrument through expert consensus. Results. The Surprise Question (SQ) Would it surprise you if this patient died within the next year? and the parameters Demand: Has there been any implicit or explicit expression of limitation of therapeutic effort or demand for palliative care from the patient, family, or team members?, Need: identified by professional members of the team, Checklist symptoms (ESAS) ≥ 2 persistent or refractory symptoms, Emotional Distress Detection (EDD) > 9, Social and family assessment”, Oncological disease (advanced metastatic or locoregional cancer), Oncological disease (in progression (in solid tumors) and Oncological disease (Persistent symptoms poorly controlled or refractory despite optimizing specific treatment), were considered valid by the experts to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years with cancer according to the Lawshe criteria, as modified by Tristán. Parameters specifically related to the oncological disease belonging to the dimension Indicators of severity/progression of the disease showed the highest CVR’ per parameter, with indices of agreement between 0.714 and 0.857. Conclusion. The content of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO © 3.1 instrument is valid to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents from 8 to 17 years of age with cancer with a CVI of 0.68.