RESUMOEste estudo replica sistematicamente e expande a validade da análise de Greenspoon (1955) de que processos simbólicos interpretados como "uso da linguagem", podem ser descritos como classes de respostas operantes. No Experimento I, 16 universitários foram distribuídos em dois grupos, em função de agruparem ou não palavras aleatórias por classe gramatical sem indução explícita. Posteriormente, cada participante foi exposto a palavras de diferentes classes gramaticais, em um delineamento ABA. Na Fase de Treino (B), tocar nas palavras pertencentes à classe dos verbos eram conseqüenciadas com "CERTO" e nas demais classes, com "ERRADO"; nas linhas de base (A), pré e pós-treino, não haviam conseqüências programadas. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo que classificou as palavras gramaticalmente teve melhor desempenho, como efeito do controle discriminativo subjacente aos processos privados denominados comportamento precorrente. No Experimento II, quatro participantes não alfabetizados foram submetidos ao mesmo delineamento do Experimento I. A conseqüenciação não produziu aumentos na freqüência de toques sobre os verbos, sendo semelhante a distribuição de respostas entre todas as classes gramaticais. Estes resultados demonstram a natureza operante de certas propriedades do comportamento verbal e o efeito das conseqüências controladoras como função das influências discriminativas de comportamentos precorrentes privados sobre comportamentos públicos.Palavras-chave: comportamento verbal, comportamento precorrente, eventos privados, controle discriminativo ABSTRACTThis study was designed to replicate systematically and expand the validity of Greenspoon's (1955) analysis of behavioral processes considered "usage of language" as operant responses classes. In Experiment I, 16 university students were assigned to two groups, according to the performance of classifying, or not, random words in grammatical classes without direct induction. Afterwards, participants were individually exposed to words of different grammatical classes, according to an ABA experimental design. In Training Condition (B), responses generated by touching on verbs were reinforced with "RIGHT" and responses to words of other classes were punished with "WRONG". In both baseline sessions (A) the touch responses were neither reinforced or punished. The group that was able to classify words on grammatical classes displayed a better performance, which indicates the discriminative control underlying the private processes called precurrent behavior. In Experiment II, 4 illiterate participants were exposed to the same design of Experiment I. The results show that the consequences did not increase the frequency of touching responses to verbs; the response distribution was the same to all grammatical classes. Results seem to demonstrate the operant nature of certain properties of verbal behavior and that the control of the consequences is a function of the discriminative effects of private precurrent behaviors on public behaviors.
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