Inúmeros problemas de saúde pública são atribuídos aos fatores induzidos pelo ambiente de trabalho que, associados ao estilo de vida sedentário, contribuem para deteriorar a qualidade de vida do trabalhador. Neste sentido, procuramos descrever o perfil, avaliar a condição física e o risco cardiovasculares dos funcionários da saúde. Foram avaliados 198 funcionários (46 ± 10 anos) que responderam uma anamnese e foram submetidos a avaliações bioquímicas, antropométricas e funcionais. Os valores foram apresentados como média ± desvio padrão da média. Foram utilizados testes de qui-quadrado (x²), taxa de "odds" e correlações de Pearson (p < 0,05). Dos avaliados, 54% apresentaram peso corporal elevado, 33% pressão arterial (PA) elevada e 56% eram sedentários. Colesterol total (CT), lipoproteína de baixa densidade e triglicerídeos (TG) acima da normalidade foram encontrados em 49%, 41% e 24% dos servidores, respectivamente e, 75% apresentaram taxas reduzidas de lipoproteína de alta densidade. As análises de x² e taxa de "odds" apontaram que os valores de TG e PA foram significativamente maiores para homens comparados às mulheres. Capacidade cardiorrespiratória ruim foi verificada em 56% dos homens e 23% das mulheres, além disso, a flexibilidade apresentou-se com níveis insatisfatórios para homens e mulheres. Observou-se que o índice de massa corporal se correlacionou positivamente com PA, CT e TG. Constatou-se, também que a idade foi fator agravante para PA, flexibilidade, CT e glicemia nas mulheres. Dessa forma, a prevalência de múltiplos fatores de risco nestes trabalhadores demonstra tratar-se de população não assistida pela saúde, motivo pelo qual sugere-se conscientização sobre sua própria saúde evitando a aposentadoria precoce
RESUMO:O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a visão do professor sobre o trabalho pedagógico com alunos público-alvo da educação especial (PAEE) no ensino fundamental II. Participaram do estudo duas professoras de uma escola da rede estadual de ensino, que atuam em sala de aula comum em diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Trata-se de um Estudo de Caso de abordagem qualitativa, que adotou como instrumento de coleta de dados um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Posterior à realização das entrevistas, foi feita a transcrição das gravações na íntegra a fim de obter os dados para análise. A análise desse material foi realizada a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os resultados revelam o conhecimento dos participantes sobre os apoios pedagógicos especializados ofertados aos alunos PAEE para cursar o ensino fundamental. Embora reconheçam a importância desse suporte, indicam a falta de qualificação profissional para orientá-los na apropriação do currículo em sala de aula comum. Somadas a esse aspecto, considerar como os professores buscam diminuir a exclusão e qualificar o rendimento escolar para esse alunado nesta etapa de ensino, constitui-se a tônica deste estudo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Inclusão escolar. Ensino fundamental. Educação especial. ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to investigate the teacher's view about the pedagogic work with students target public in special education (PTSE) in elementary school II. Two teachers from a public school who work with regular classroom in different areas participated on this study. This is a case study with qualitative approach, that has adopted the semistructured interview as instrument. After the interviews, the recordings were transcribed literally in order to obtain the data for analysis. The data was analyzed through Content Analysis according to Bardin (1977). The results suggest the participant's knowledge about the specialized pedagogic support offered to PTSE students to attend the elementary school. Although the tea cher recognizes the support importance, they have indicated a lack of professional qualification to guide about the curriculum ownership in regular classroom. In addition, to consider how the teachers try to decrease the exclusion and how to qualify the scholar results for these students constitutes the goal of this study.
This study investigated whether exercise training (T) could prevent the insulin resistance, oxidative stress and hypertension induced by dexamethasone (Dexa) treatment. Rats underwent a T period where they were either submitted to a running protocol (8weeks) or kept sedentary. After this T period, the animals underwent a Dexa treatment (1mg/kg/day, i.p., 10days), concomitant with training. An ipGTT was performed at the end of the experimental period and the area under the glucose curve (AUC) was calculated. Arterial pressure (AP) was measured. Reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) and lipid peroxidation were also determined in the skeletal muscle. Western blot analysis was performed to identify PKCα protein expression in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Dexa increased AP (23 mmHg) and T attenuated this increase by 11%. Dexa decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio by 44% and increased the lipid peroxidation by 55% in sedentary groups, and T blocked these alterations. Dexa reduced the PKC‐α protein expression by 45%, which was prevented by T. Accordingly, T attenuated the increases in the AUC, whose values were 39% higher in sedentary ones. Therefore T is effective in regulating physiological antioxidant systems and glucose uptake, which could contribute to prevent hypertension and insulin resistance induced by Dexa.
Dexamethasone (Dexa) is widely used as treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, however high doses of glucocorticoids cause reduction in skeletal muscle insulin‐dependent glucose uptake. Exercise training (T) causes opposite effects. This study investigated whether physical exercise could prevent the side effects of Dexa in the skeletal muscle insulin‐dependent glucose uptake. Rats underwent a training period where they were either submitted to a running protocol (8 weeks) or kept sedentary. After this T period, the animals underwent Dexa treatment (1 mg/kg/day, i.p., 10 days) concomitant with T. An ipGTT was performed and the area under the glucose curve (AUC) was calculated. Western blot analysis was performed to identify IRS‐1 and p‐AKT protein expression in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. The AUC was 39% higher for Dexa‐treated rats, which was attenuated by T. Dexa significantly reduced IRS‐1 (−58%) and p‐AKT (−48%) protein expression in the TA muscle. On the other hand, T increased protein expression of IRS‐1 (112%) and p‐AKT (93%). T completely blocked the reduction of IRS‐1, and also inhibited the p‐AKT protein expression reductions in the trained group. Therefore, T prevented the Dexa‐reductions of IRS‐1 and p‐AKT protein expression in the skeletal muscle and may be a good strategy to prevent Dexa‐induced peripheral insulin resistance. Financial support: FAPESP
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