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Background and AimsChanges in eating patterns have been leading to an increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), negatively impacting the quality of the diet and generating risk of harm to the health of the adult population, however, there is no systematized evidence of the impact of UPF in maternal-child health. Thus, in this study we aimed to evaluated the association between UPF consumption and health outcomes in the maternal-child population.MethodsSystematic review registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42021236633), conducted according to the PRISMA diagram in the following databases: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and CAPES thesis and dissertation directory. We included original cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies in any language. Eligibility criteria were (a) food consumption assessment by the NOVA classification, (b) health outcome (nutritional or diseases), and (c) maternal-child population (pregnant, lactating women and infants/children). All data were analyzed and extracted to a spreadsheet structured by two independent reviewers. We evaluated the methodological quality of the studies included using the Newcastle-Otawa Scale and RoB 2.ResultsSearches retrieved 7,801 studies and 15 contemplated the eligibility criteria. Most studies included were cohort studies (n = 8, 53%), had children as their population (n = 9, 60%) and only one study evaluated UPF consumption in infants and lactating women. Panoramically, we observed that a higher participation of UPF in children’s diet has been associated with different maternal-child outcomes, such as increase of weight gain, adiposity measures, overweight, early weaning, lower diet quality, metabolic alterations, diseases, and consumption of plastic originated from packaging. Only one of the studies included did not present high methodological quality.ConclusionDespite the limited literature on UPF consumption and health outcomes in the maternal-child population, the highest UPF consumption negatively impacted nutrition and disease development indicators in pregnant, lactating women and children. Considering the expressive participation of these foods in the diet, other studies should be conducted to further investigate the impact of UPF consumption on different health indicators, especially in the lactation phase for this was the one to present the most important knowledge gap.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021236633], identifier [CRD42021236633].

The study observed no significant differences in Dornic acidity of raw human milk and pasteurized human milk; however, the dilution of a human milk supplementation caused a significant increase in acidity. Further investigations are necessary on the influence of this finding on the quality of supplemented milk and its consequences on the health of preterm infants.

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ObjetivoAvaliar o estado nutricional em vitamina A de puérperas adolescentes e adultas em relação à ingestão alimentar, retinol no soro e colostro e o suprimento desta vitamina para o recém-nascido. MétodosEstudo transversal, incluindo 136 puérperas, sendo 68 adolescentes e 68 adultas, atendidas em uma maternidade pública. A ingestão dietética de vitamina A foi estimada por um questionário de frequência do consumo alimentar. Foram coletados sangue e colostro em condição de jejum para análise dos níveis de retinol. As amostras foram analisadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. A estimativa da ingestão de vitamina A pelo recém--nascido foi calculada pelo volume ingerido de leite e a média da concentração de retinol no colostro materno. ResultadosA estimativa de consumo foi 681,2±535 µgRAE/dia, para as adolescentes, e 891,8±831,5 µgRAE/dia, para as adultas (p>0,05). As médias de retinol sérico foram 40,6±9,7 µg/dL, no grupo das adolescentes, e 44,9±10,9 µg/dL, no das adultas (p<0,05). No colostro, as adolescentes apresentaram concentração de retinol de 83,1±26,5 µg/dL e as adultas de 81,8±29,8 µg/dL (p>0,05). O volume médio ingerido pelos lactentes provenientes de puérperas