-(Richness of ingoldian and facultative aquatic fungi in Parque Municipal do Ibirapuera, São Paulo, Brazil). Ten samples of submerged mixed leaves were collected monthly from March 2007 to June 2009 on the margins of five sites in three lakesat Parque Municipal do Ibirapuera, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil. Some abiotic variables were concomitantly measured. At the laboratory, the leaves were washed, fractionated into aliquots (1 cm 2 ), incubated in sterile distilled water for 30 days at 22 o C, and microscopically analysed. Twenty-seven fungal taxa were obtained, being 15 ingoldianand 12 facultatives, with predominance of Lunulospora curvula Ingold, Triscelophorus monosporus Ingold, Tripospermum myrtii (Lind.) S. J. Hughes, Anguillospora longissima (Sacc. et Syd.) Ingold, and Triscelophorus acuminatus Nawawi. ANOSIM analysis revealed that samples taken from several collection sites in different seasons presented more differences than collection sites sampled in the same season. The intense siltation of one sampling site, located immediately after a flotation unit, almost annihilates the improved abiotic conditions, encouraging careful monitoring to maintain the water quality at the entire park. 2 ), incubadas em água destilada esterilizada a 22 o C durante 30 dias e analisadas microscopicamente. Vinte e sete táxons de fungos foram obtidos, sendo 15 de fungos ingoldianos e 12 aquáticos facultativos, com predomínio de Lunulospora curvula Ingold, Triscelophorus monosporus Ingold, Tripospermum myrtii (Lind.) S. J. Hughes, Anguillospora longíssima (Sacc. et Syd.) Ingold e Triscelophorus acuminatus Nawawi. A análise ANOSIM revelou que amostras de locais de coleta em diferentes estações divergiram mais do que entre locais de coleta na mesma estação climática. O intenso assoreamento do local de coleta situado imediatamente após a unidade de flotação quase aniquilou a melhoria das condições abióticas, encorajando o monitoramento cuidadoso para manter a qualidade da água em todo parque. Palavras-chave: águas urbanas, fungos de águas continentais, micota aquática, reservatórios

BACKGROUND Superficial fungal infections are caused by dermatophytes, yeasts or filamentous fungi. They are correlated to the etiologic agent, the level of integrity of the host immune response, the site of the lesion and also the injured tissue. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to isolate and to identify onychomycosis agents in institutionalized elderly (60 years old +). METHODS The identification of the fungi relied upon the combined results of mycological examination, culture isolation and micro cultures observation under light microscopy from nail and interdigital scales, which were collected from 35 elderly with a clinical suspicion of onychomycosis and a control group (9 elderly with healthy interdigital space and nails). Both groups were institutionalized in two nursing homes in Sao Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil. RESULTS The nail scrapings showed 51.40% positivity. Of these, dermatophytes were found in 44.40% isolates, 27.78% identified as Trichophyton rubrum and 5.56% each as Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum. The second more conspicuous group showed 38.89% yeasts: 16.67% Candida guilliermondii, 11.11% Candida parapsilosis, 5.56% Candida glabrata, and 5.56% Trichosporon asahii. A third group displayed 16.70% filamentous fungi, like Fusarium sp, Aspergillus sp and Neoscytalidium sp (5.56% each). The interdigital scrapings presented a positivity rate of 14.29%. The agents were coincident with the fungi that caused the onychomycosis. In the control group, Candida guilliermondii was found at interdigital space in one person. CONCLUSION Employing a combination of those identification methods, we found no difference between the etiology of the institutionalized elderly onychomycosis from that reported in the literature for the general population.

-(Geofungi of Córrego do Sapateiro at the Parque Municipal do Ibirapuera, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil). Water samples (50 mL) at 10 cm depth were collected from two sites (1 and 2), before and after flotation water treatment, during the rainy hot season (January, February, and March) and the dry cold season (June, July, and August) of 2008 in Córrego do Sapateiro at the Parque Municipal do Ibirapuera, São Paulo, São Paulo State Brazil. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and pH of the water were measured with a U 10 Horiba equipment. Total and fecal coliforms were analyzed with an Aquatest® kit. Aliquots of 1 mL from each water sample were inoculated on potato-dextrose agar medium, totalizing 10 Petri dishes for each collection site. Colonies were quantified after incubation for 10 days at 22 °C and then purified for identification. Water abiotic parameters did not limit the development of geofungi; however, they were influenced by the flotation treatment. Fecal and total number of coliforms were predominantly higher than 8 NMP dL -1 during the studied periods at the two sites. Twenty-seven fungal taxa, distributed in 136 occurences were obtained. According to Sörensen Similarity Index, the mycobiota of the two simpled sites were considerably different, despite the resemblance between the number of taxa and occurrences. The results indicate that treatment of water from Córrego do Sapateiro flotation system possibly causes changes in taxonomic composition and quantity of fungi CFU, whereas the total and fecal coliform results were less conclusive. Key words: diversity, flotation, geofungi, urban waters RESUMO -(Geofungos no Córrego do Sapateiro, Parque Municipal do Ibirapuera, São Paulo, SP, Brasil). No Córrego do Sapateiro, situado no Parque Municipal do Ibirapuera, na cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil, amostras de água (50 mL) na profundidade de 10 centímetros foram coletadas em locais antes (local 1) e depois (local 2) da estação de tratamento de flotação, durante os meses da estação chuvosa e quente (janeiro, fevereiro e março) e da estação seca e fria (junho, julho e agosto) de 2008. Além disso, a temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade e pH da água foram medidos com um equipamento Horiba U 10 . Coliformes totais e fecais foram analisados com o kit Aquatest®. A partir de cada amostra de água, alíquotas de 1 mL foram inoculadas em meio batata-dextrose-ágar, totalizando 10 placas de Petri para cada local de coleta. Após incubação por 10 dias a 22 ºC, as colônias fúngicas foram quantificadas, purificadas e identificadas. Os parâmetros abióticos da água não foram limitantes para a presença de geofungos, sendo influenciados pelo tratamento de flotação. Nos dois locais o número de coliformes totais e fecais foi predominantemente superior a 8 NMP dL -1 durante o período estudado. Vinte e sete táxons de fungos foram obtidos, distribuídos em 136 ocorrências. De acordo com o índice de similaridade de Sörensen, a micota dos dois locais coletados foram consideravelmente diferentes, apesar ...