Black Canadians and Americans experience disparities in access to quality mental health care and mental health overall. Implicit biases are unconscious, automatically activated attitudes and stereotypes, with the potential to yield racist behaviors. To date, research has focused on health provider bias and resultant consequences in the decision-making/treatment of racialized groups. Little has been done to characterize implicit anti-Black biases within White and non-White members of the general population or examine the relationship between biases and Black people's mental wellness. Black-White Implicit Association Test (BW-IAT; n = 450,185) data were used to detect the presence of implicit biases within 10 ethnoracial groups and compare Bias Scores between Canada and the United States. Mean BW-IAT Bias Scores were also assessed against participant explicit biases using warmth ratings and the Modern Racism Scale (MRS). Finally, state-level BW-IAT scores were used to predict state-based Black American mental health-related mortality using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) data set. Findings indicated: (a) the most ethnoracial groups have anti-Black implicit biases; (b) Canadian and American implicit biases are near identical; (c) explicit and implicit Bias Scores are weakly related, and Canadian and American explicit biases are near identical; and (d) implicit bias predicts poor mental health outcomes for Black Americans, even when controlling for explicit bias and White outcomes. This work underscores the need to dismantle ideologies of White superiority and the resultant oppressive attitudes, stereotypes, and behaviors present in the general population. This work also calls for accessible, province-level, race-based mental health data on underserved groups. Public Significance StatementTo date, few researchers have explored the impact of implicit biases on the health of people of color outside of a medical setting. Fewer still have considered the relationship between implicit biases held by the general population, both White and non-White, and Black peoples' mental health. This study is among the first to focus on the measurable existence of implicit racial biases within ethnoracial groups toward Black persons in the United States and Canada, as well as the possible impacts of implicit biases on the mental health of Black people in America.
The University of Ottawa Healthcare Symposium (UOHS) is a one-day undergraduate health conference that aims to increase awareness of the interdisciplinary field of health. This conference engages students’ interest in health through seminars, interactive panel discussions, and a research-based elevator pitch competition. UOHS was created twelve years ago by undergraduate students and has grown to become the University of Ottawa’s largest healthcare conference. Every year, UOHS hosts an event called the Pitch-O-Rama, during one of the conference’s seminar blocks. This event is an elevator pitch competition where individuals have the opportunity to present their healthcare-related research to an audience and panel of judges in a clear and engaging way. The goal of the Pitch-O-Rama is to have students communicate and share their scientific research with the community. The written submissions of the top 3 winners are highlighted in this abstract book. More details about UOHS can be found on our website: https://www.uohs-csuo.com/.
March 2020 marked the closure of thousands of workplaces, schools and other services to comply with government-issued lockdowns to prevent the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) across the Canadian population. While the intent of the stay-at-home orders was to provide safety for the surrounding communities from the pandemic, many victims of domestic abuse soon found themselves confined to the root of their trauma for the sake of public health. Dubbed the “pandemic within a pandemic” by the media, 54% of responding victim services have reported an increase in the number of served domestic violence victims between mid-March and early July of 2020 [1,2], and police-reported calls for domestic disturbances have also increased 12%, according to data compiled from 17 police services across Canada [3].
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