Unlike male domestic violence offenders, female domestic violence offenders have traditionally been overlooked in research and theory, despite the fact that females also have high rates of domestic violence perpetration. Towards the aim of extending extant research on male and female pepetrators of domestic violence, we examined attachment style, trauma symptoms, and personality organization in 33 female offenders receiving mandated treatment for domestic violence. These offenders were compared to 32 nonoffending women receiving psychological treatment. The Experiences in Close Relationships Revised (ECR-Revised) was used to examine adult attachment, the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI) was used to examine trauma symptomology, and finally, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III (MCMI-III) was used to examine cluster B personality traits. Analyses indicated that female domestic violence offenders reported less attachment security, more trauma-related symptoms, and more personality psychopathology (Antisocial, Borderline, and Dependent Subscales) than did nonoffender clinical comparison women.
This study provides results regarding the effectiveness of the Bounce Back Retention Program (BBRP), a semester-long voluntary course for students on academic probation (AP). This is the first phase of a longitudinal study of spring 2007 freshmen at San Diego State University (SDSU). Results were analyzed for three samples: 1) AP BBRP-Credit enrolled and earned course credit (n = 81); 2) AP-BBRP No Credit enrolled but failed to earn course credit (n = 44); and 3) AP-NonBBRP did not enroll in BBRP but were on AP (n = 835). BBRP efficacy was assessed by comparing semester and cumulative GPA's, academic outcome (probation removal, probation continued, disqualification), and university departure rates between the three samples immediately after and up to three semesters later. Findings reveal AP BBRP = Credit students earned: higher GPA's, improved academic outcomes, and fewer departures from the university. The value of a theoretically-based programmatic approach to retention is discussed.
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