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pour leurs commentaires, suggestions et leur aide précieuse tout au long de ce projet. Julie Lassault bénéficie d'un contrat doctoral du Programme Investissements d'Avenir Action « Innovation numérique pour l'excellence éducative », volet « Espaces de formation, de recherche et d'animation numérique » (e-FRAN, projet LEMON). La préparation de cet article a bénéficié d'un financement de l'

Here we provide a proof-of-concept for the use of virtual reality (VR) goggles to assess reading behavior in beginning readers. Children performed a VR version of a lexical decision task that allowed us to record eye-movements. External validity was assessed by comparing the VR measures (lexical decision RT and accuracy, gaze durations and refixation probabilities) to a gold standard reading fluency test—the One-Minute Reading test. We found that the VR measures correlated strongly with the classic fluency measure. We argue that VR-based techniques provide a valid and child-friendly way to study reading behavior in a school environment. Importantly, they enable not only the collection of a richer dataset than standard behavioral assessments but also the possibility to tightly control the environment.