Campylobacter rectus (CR) is an exclusively oral, Gram-negative anaerobe and mobile bacterium that shows a wide range of virulence factors. A 41-year-old woman came to the emergency department because she felt intense radiating pain in the whole abdomen. A molecular biology analysis rapidly revealed a tubo-ovarian abscess caused by CR. A focal infection of periodontal origin was the most probable; nevertheless the possibility of a cross-contamination from her husband suffering from an active periodontal disease was the subject of discussions. The incidence of focal infections due to CR is probably underestimated. The introduction of molecular biology in common practice should reveal a larger number of CR focal infection cases but more generally speaking of bacteria from the oral cavity.

Introduction: Cystic maxillary lesions are common. In 1962, Gorlin described a rare cystic form termed the calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) or Gorlin's cyst. Two cases of this form were treated at Bordeaux University Hospital. Observation: The first case was a 17-year-old patient with mandibular odontoma, which had developed over the previous 6 months. Excision was performed under local anesthesia, and the diagnosis of COC was made following pathological analysis. A 6-month follow-up was planned. The second case was a 62-year-old patient with a post-extraction mandibular lesion, which had been evolving for 1 year. Enucleation under local anesthesia led to the diagnosis of COC. No recurrence was observed after 5 years of follow-up. Discussion: COCs are rare lesions affecting mainly the anterior aspect of the mandible. COCs are usually discovered in unforeseen circumstances, and they can be observed as a clinically painless and well-defined oral deformation. Radiological examination often reveals radiolucent and uniloculated lesions, sometimes associated with radiopaque lesions. Pathological analyses are required for final diagnosis. Management is based on complete excision, more or less associated with marsupialization, and requires an annual clinical radiographic monitoring over the next 5 years. Conclusion: COC are rare lesions, usually asymptomatic, whose treatment is based on complete excision. Clinical and radiological follow-up is necessary until complete reossification is achieved.

Introduction: Nivolumab-induced oral and cutaneous bullous pemphigoid have been rarely reported in the literature. Observations: A 64-year-old male patient was treated with nivolumab for melanoma. He presented with oral lesions in the palatal and gingival mucosal lesions. Nine months after the initiation of nivolumab therapy, a cutaneous bullous pemphigoid was found on his right forearm. The level of anti-BPAG2 (or anti-BP 180) was positive with a rate of 83 AU/mL, thereby confirming the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid. His oral mucosa, first in the posterolateral area of the palate and then in the gingiva, was affected 3 months later. Histological examination revealed a subepidermal bulla with few eosinophils. Comments: Nivolumab is a novel monoclonal human antibody used to potentiate T cell responses, particularly anti-tumor responses. The first diagnosis considered was lichen planus, and it has been excluded from this study based on histological results. Right from lesion onset after treatment initiation, nivolumab was strongly suspected to cause these mucocutaneous lesions. To investigate the causes and effects of nivolumab-induced oral and cutaneous bullous pemphigoid, it would be necessary to record the regression of these lesions at the end of treatment; however, this is not possible due to ethical reasons. The treatment of lesions primarily involves corticosteroid usage; however, rituximab is also used. Conclusion: Oral surgeons must consider the oral side effects of novel targeted therapies, including those of immunological checkpoint inhibitors.