Summary
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics of patients with unilateral transmigration of a mandibular canine in the largest study group presented until now.
Materials and methods
The study group consisted of 93 patients with unilateral transmigration of mandibular canine; the control group included 85 non-affected patients. Type of transmigration, status of deciduous and permanent canines, prevalence of missing teeth, class of occlusion, and space conditions were assessed to draw comparisons between groups.
Results
In this study, 64.5 per cent patients presented type 1 of transmigration; types 2, 3, 4, and 5 were present in, respectively, 23.7, 5.4, 4.3, and 2.1 per cent patients. There was a clear, statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001) between the mean crown and apex migration and angulation for the three groups of canines (transmigrated, contralateral, and control), whereas no differences were observed for the total number of permanent teeth present. In the study group, 73.1 per cent patients retained their primary canine on the affected side and 18.3 per cent on the contralateral side; in the control group, 22.3 per cent subjects had at least one primary canine. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of types of malocclusion between the study and the control groups.
Conclusions
Transmigration of mandibular canine was associated with the presence of retained primary canine on the affected side, higher mesial tilting of contralateral mandibular canine when compared to the canines in the control group. Additionally, higher prevalence of Angle’s Class I occlusion in patients with canine transmigration was recorded.
Premature loss of a deciduous tooth is its loss 3 to 4 years
before its physiological replacement, in other words – one
year before the date of physiological resorption of its roots.
The most common reasons for premature loss of deciduous
teeth include complications of caries such as: pulp gangrene,
periodontitis, inflammation of the periapical area, periapical
lesions, abscesses, and osteitis. Mechanical traumas and
cysts belong to other reasons. Direct consequences of
premature loss of a deciduous tooth include inhibition of growth of the alveolar process bone of the maxilla or alveolar
part of the mandible in the area where a tooth is missing.
Presence of space in the dental arch leads to various dental
displacements such as tooth displacement along the arch,
rotations, inclinations. It leads to dental abnormalities,
including secondary crowding, dental abnormalities
associated with time and place of eruption of permanent
teeth, arch midline shift, and Godon’s effect. Consequences
of premature loss of deciduous teeth also include worsening
of pre-existing malocclusions and dysfunctions of the
masticatory organ associated with chewing, speech and
swallowing. Aim. The paper aimed to present consequences
of premature loss of deciduous teeth and to determine
indications for prophylactic treatment. Material and
methods. A review of literature in Polish and English from
the period 2006–2017 was performed using PubMed, PBL,
Embase, Scopus databases. “Premature loss of deciduous
teeth” was a key word. Results. Consequences of premature
loss of various groups of deciduous teeth were presented
and indications for prophylactic treatment were discussed
based on literature collected. Conclusions. The analysis
performed concluded that due to various consequences of
premature loss of deciduous teeth orthodontic management
is recommended in many cases in order to minimise
consequences of premature loss of deciduous teeth.
(Wojtaszek-Lis J, Regulski P, Laskowska M, Zadurska M.
Effects of premature loss of deciduous teeth on the
morphology and functions of the masticatory organ.
Literature review. Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 29-47)
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