The incidence, clinical findings, location, etiology, clinical diagnosis, and surgical treatment of chondrosarcoma of the larynx are discussed. Important features in the diagnosis and treatment of a chondrosarcomatous tumor of the larynx are demonstrated in a case report. The patient's chief complaint was episodic shortness of breath occurring with increasing frequency over a period of 12 months. Her dyspnea progressed in severity until an emergency tracheotomy was required for airway control. CT scan documented the attachment of the tumor to the right posterior lateral wall of the cricoid cartilage. Direct laryngoscopy and biopsy were done to obtain tissue for diagnosis. The histopathological examination revealed low-grade chondrosarcoma. The tumor was removed totally with a wide-margin mucous membrane incision and careful curettement. A definite difference in the consistency of the tumor compared to normal cartilage allowed complete excision of the tumor with minimal sacrifice of healthy cricoid cartilage. This presentation emphasizes the conservative surgical removal of these tumors and notes how a curette can be used for this removal.

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A female patient presented with hoarseness. Findings on physical examination showed whitish true vocal cords. Laryngeal biopsies were performed on two occasions. On the first biopsy a histopathological diagnosis of Candida albicans and acanthosis was controversial because the acanthosis resembled squamous cell carcinoma. On the second biopsy, several months later, the diagnosis of acanthosis was again controversial, but a diagnosis of pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia was not determined until several months later. Finally, we can point out that pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia can be associated with primary candidiasis and state that hoarseness, whitish true vocal cords, and pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia can masquerade as squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

This paper describes clinical outcomes in patients who underwent FESS. The subjects included 64 patients with chronic sinusitis, ranging in age from 11 to 66 years. A total of 44 (68%) underwent bilateral FESS, 16 (25%) underwent unilateral FESS, and 4 (7%) had anterior-posterior removal of tissue. No major complications occurred and minor complications occurred in eight patients (12.3%). At 6 months follow-up. 86% of 57 patients were belter. 12% were unchanged, and one patient (1.7%) was worse. After 2 years, 80% of 31 patients available for follow-up were belter. The three main complaints of sinus disease in these patients were nasal airflow obstruction, chronic pain, and nasal discharge. Of these symptoms, nasal discharge was the most difficult to reverse. The results of this investigation suggest that limited surgery of the sinuses is efficacious. (Am J Rhinology 7: 95-99, 1993)

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