BackgroundThe knowledge of general practitioners about photoprotection is unknown.ObjectivesTo develop and validate an instrument to evaluate the knowledge of general practitioners and pediatricians about photoprotection, gauging the knowledge of these professionals.MethodsThe study followed the steps: (1) Literature identification and item elaboration related to the theme; (2) Content validation; (3) Apparent validation; (4) Construct validation: internal consistency analysis and discriminatory analysis; (5) Reliability analysis. In Step 4, the instrument was applied to 217 general practitioners and pediatricians who worked in the host city of the study; the scores were compared with dermatologists scores.ResultsThe final instrument had 41 items and showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.780), satisfactory reproducibility and good test–retest reliability (good-to-excellent kappa statistic in more than 60% of items). The discriminatory analysis registered a mean score of 54.1 points for dermatologists and 31.1 points for generalists and pediatricians, from a total of 82 possible points, representing a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Generalists and pediatricians demonstrated an understanding of the relationship between excessive sun exposure and skin cancer, but they revealed lack of technical information necessary for their professional practice.Study limitationsThe instrument evaluates only knowledge, without evaluating the conduct of the participants.ConclusionThe results show that the instrument has good internal consistency and good reproducibility. It could be useful in the identification of general practitioners and pediatricians knowledge gaps on the subject, for the subsequent development of training and educational strategies.
MÉTODOS: O presente estudo caracteriza-se por ser descritivo, do tipo corte transversal e de caráter qualitativo. A amostra foi constituída por 39 indivíduos portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo II, do sexo masculino, com faixa etária compreendida entre 40 e 60 anos. Trata-se de um estudo que abrangeu a avaliação sociodemográfica, antropométrica, da glicemia e do autocuidado. Como estratégia de coleta de dados foram aplicados questionários e realizados testes glicêmicos, que acompanharam a obtenção de medidas de peso, altura, circunferência da cintura e quadril. RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos na avaliação clínica, o índice de massa corporal, a relação cintura-quadril, bem como a glicemia, apresentaram médias que estão acima do preconizado em um indivíduo saudável. CONCLUSÕES: O comportamento de autocuidado dos homens diagnosticados com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo II se encontra indesejável para atitudes indispensáveis no cuidado a esse tipo de doença, como a monitoração da glicemia e a realização de atividade física. Entretanto, quanto à alimentação e ao uso de medicamentos os resultados se mostram favoráveis.
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