<abstract> <p>Beans (<italic>Phaseolus vulgaris</italic> L.) are the most important legume for human consumption, and have essential nutrients for physiological processes. As examples, we can mention Fe and Zn. As a strategy to increase these nutrients in the population's diet, beans stand out as a potential candidate, as it already has high levels of these minerals compared to other foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate 14 bean genotypes from the EPAGRI Bean Genetic Improvement Program, Brazil, regarding Fe and Zn content, availability of Fe and Zn in vitro, amount of phytic acid, tannins, proteins, and moisture. The results showed a high positive correlation between the total amount of Zn with bioavailable Zn; the total amount of Fe, and the total amount of Zn; and the total amount of bioavailable Fe with Zn. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences for all characteristics evaluated, showing an interesting variability that can be considered for future crosses aiming at nutritional quality.</p> </abstract>

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Tradescantia pallida é uma planta ornamental amplamente encontrada em canteiros e jardins urbanos. No entanto, informações sobres as respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas dessa planta ornamental a herbicidas são escassas. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a toxicidade, capacidade de rebrota, crescimento, fisiologia, e alterações no metabolismo de T. pallida após aplicação de diferentes classes de herbicidas. Os tratamentos consistiram na pulverização dos herbicidas: atrazina (1.500 g ha-1), diquat (300 g ha-1), carfentrazone (10 g ha-1), glifosato (1.500 g ha-1) e 2,4-D (1.050 g ha-1) sobre T. pallida. Plantas pulverizadas somente com água representaram o grupo controle. As avaliações foram realizadas 5 dias após a aplicação dos herbicidas. Foi avaliado a toxicidade visual e índice de rebrota, fluorescência da clorofila a, conteúdo de clorofilas (a, b e a+b), carotenoides e prolina. O herbicida 2,4-D não atuou sobre a planta, mas pode ter produzido efeito genotóxico. Glifosato aumentou significativamente o teor de prolina e gerou índice zero de rebrota, evidenciando sensibilidade da planta ao herbicida. Carfentrazone não foi totalmente eficiente sobre o controle de T. pallida, que também não demonstrou sensibilidade a atrazina, mas alta sensibilidade a diquat, apesar do baixo teor de prolina verificado. As diferentes classes de herbicidas atuam de maneira diferente quanto à toxidez, rebrota, fisiologia e metabolismo de T. pallida, sendo estas, variáveis úteis para investigar a possível tolerância de plantas às diferentes classes de herbicidas.

In vitro cultivation of basil allows the manipulation of the concentration of certain micronutrients, commonly neglected by the micropropagation protocols. It is a plant of great economic importance for the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry, due to the components present in its essential oil. In view of the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate zinc (Zn) concentrations in the micropropagation of basil, in addition to antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds. Basil seeds, cultivars Manolo and Grecco Palla were oxygenated for 4 h, passed through asepsis and placed in test tubes with MS medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose and 6.5 g L-1 agar and pH adjusted to 5.8. The treatments were composed by the addition or not of 25 μM of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and arranged in a completely randomized design. The tubes containing the seeds and the culture medium were kept in a growth chamber for 90 days. The cultivar Manolo was more sensitive to the addition of ZnSO4 due to the increase in the number of leaves and in the antioxidant activity, however, the addition of this component in the culture medium did not influence the production of phenolic compounds or the activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and APX.

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