BackgroundThe association between overweight and gastrointestinal symptoms has been recently studied in the literature; however, few studies have evaluated the association between overweight and constipation in adolescents in a community-based sample. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of constipation and its association with being overweight in a community-based survey with adolescents.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1,077 adolescents who were enrolled in five schools in the city of Sao José dos Campos, Brazil. Constipation was defined according to modified and combined Rome III criteria for adolescents and adults. Being overweight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) that was equal to or greater than that of the 85th percentile for age and gender.ResultsConstipation was diagnosed in 18.2% (196/1077) of the included adolescents. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of constipation in males and females who were both younger and older than 14 years. Fecal incontinence was observed in 25 adolescents, 22 (88.0%) of whom were diagnosed as being constipated. The prevalence of being overweight was found in 13.5% (145/1077) of the study population. The prevalence of constipation was observed to be similar in adolescents who were (19.4%; 28/144) and were not (18.0%; 168/933) overweight (p = 0.764; OR = 1.10). Fecal incontinence that was associated with constipation was more frequent in adolescents who were overweight (37.0%; 8/28) than in adolescents who were not overweight (8.5%; 14/168; p = 0.005; OR = 4.40).ConclusionsThe prevalence of constipation was high among the investigated adolescents. There was no association between being overweight and constipation; however, an association between being overweight and fecal incontinence in constipated adolescents was confirmed.
RACIONAL: Existem poucas informações a respeito da constipação em adolescentes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de constipação em adolescentes matriculados em escolas de São José dos Campos, SP, Brasil, e a concomitância de constipação em seus pais biológicos. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo transversal foi analisada amostra de conveniência composta por alunos com idade entre 9 anos e 9 meses e 18 anos e 7 meses e seus respectivos pais biológicos em cinco escolas de São José dos Campos. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizado um questionário individual. Foram analisados 372 adolescentes cujos pais também responderam ao questionário. Constipação foi caracterizada quando o adolescente apresentava eliminação de fezes com consistência obrigatoriamente endurecida e a ocorrência de pelo menos uma das seguintes características: dor ou dificuldade para evacuar, escape fecal e sangue em torno das fezes. Fezes com formato de cíbalos ou em pelotas grandes e secas e intervalo entre as evacuações maior ou igual a três dias foram considerados critérios que isoladamente caracterizavam constipação. Para os pais, constipação foi caracterizada de acordo com os critérios de Roma II. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de constipação nos adolescentes foi igual a 22,3%, sendo mais freqüente no sexo feminino (27,4%) do que no masculino (14,9%). Constipação nos pais (7,3%; 20/274) foi menos freqüente do que nas mães (27,3%; 88/322). Observou-se concordância muito leve quanto à concomitância de constipação no adolescente e em sua mãe (kappa = 0,12) e à concomitância de constipação no adolescente e em seu pai (kappa = 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Constipação intestinal é um distúrbio prevalente neste grupo de adolescentes. Não se constatou concordância relevante entre constipação nos adolescentes e em seus pais biológicos.
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